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Continual Learning is an unresolved challenge, whose relevance increases when considering modern applications. Unlike the human brain, trained deep neural networks suffer from a phenomenon called catastrophic forgetting, wherein they…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Shahar Shaul-Ariel , Daphna Weinshall

Large language models face challenges in long-context question answering, where key evidence of a query may be dispersed across millions of tokens. Existing works equip large language models with a memory buffer that is dynamically updated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yaorui Shi , Yuxin Chen , Siyuan Wang , Sihang Li , Hengxing Cai , Qi Gu , Xiang Wang , An Zhang

One of the key behavioral characteristics used in neuroscience to determine whether the subject of study -- be it a rodent or a human -- exhibits model-based learning is effective adaptation to local changes in the environment, a particular…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Ali Rahimi-Kalahroudi , Janarthanan Rajendran , Ida Momennejad , Harm van Seijen , Sarath Chandar

Multimodal foundation models have demonstrated impressive capabilities across diverse tasks. However, their potential as plug-and-play solutions for missing modality reconstruction remains underexplored. To bridge this gap, we identify and…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Guanzhou Ke , Bo Wang , Guoqing Chao , Weiming Hu , Shengfeng He

Deep generative models with latent variables have been used lately to learn joint representations and generative processes from multi-modal data. These two learning mechanisms can, however, conflict with each other and representations can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Rogelio A. Mancisidor , Michael Kampffmeyer , Kjersti Aas , Robert Jenssen

Although substantial efforts have been made to mitigate catastrophic forgetting in continual learning, the intrinsic mechanisms are not well understood. In this work, we demonstrate the existence of "pseudo forgetting": the performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Huashan Sun , Yizhe Yang , Yinghao Li , Jiawei Li , Yang Gao

Multimodal learning enables neural networks to integrate information from heterogeneous sources, but active learning in this setting faces distinct challenges. These include missing modalities, differences in modality difficulty, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Dustin Eisenhardt , Yunhee Jeong , Florian Buettner

Class incremental learning aims to solve a problem that arises when continuously adding unseen class instances to an existing model This approach has been extensively studied in the context of image classification; however its applicability…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Junsu Kim , Sumin Hong , Chanwoo Kim , Jihyeon Kim , Yihalem Yimolal Tiruneh , Jeongwan On , Jihyun Song , Sunhwa Choi , Seungryul Baek

Integrating information from multiple modalities enhances the robustness of scene perception systems in autonomous vehicles, providing a more comprehensive and reliable sensory framework. However, the modality incompleteness in multi-modal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Ruiping Liu , Jiaming Zhang , Kunyu Peng , Yufan Chen , Ke Cao , Junwei Zheng , M. Saquib Sarfraz , Kailun Yang , Rainer Stiefelhagen

Multimodal learning aims to improve performance by leveraging data from multiple sources. During joint multimodal training, due to modality bias, the advantaged modality often dominates backpropagation, leading to imbalanced optimization.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Zhe Yang , Wenrui Li , Hongtao Chen , Penghong Wang , Ruiqin Xiong , Xiaopeng Fan

Missing or corrupted modalities are common in physiological signal-based medical applications owing to hardware constraints or motion artifacts. However, most existing methods assume the availability of all modalities, resulting in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Cheol-Hui Lee , Hwa-Yeon Lee , Min-Kyung Jung , Dong-Joo Kim

Multimodal learning has become a pivotal approach in developing robust learning models with applications spanning multimedia, robotics, large language models, and healthcare. The efficiency of multimodal systems is a critical concern, given…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Zhe Gao , Jian Huang , Ting Li , Xueqin Wang

Multimodal learning integrates complementary information from different modalities such as image, text, and audio to improve model performance, but its success relies on large-scale labeled data, which is costly to obtain. Active learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Yuqiao Zeng , Xu Wang , Tengfei Liang , Yiqing Hao , Yi Jin , Hui Yu

Replay is a powerful strategy to promote learning in artificial intelligence and the brain. However, the conditions to generate it and its functional advantages have not been fully recognized. In this study, we develop a modular…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-08 Jiyi Wang , Likai Tang , Huimiao Chen , Marcelo G Mattar , Sen Song

Multimodal sentiment analysis relies on textual, acoustic, and visual signals, yet real-world data often suffer from modality missing and quality imbalance. Existing methods generate features for modality missing from available ones, but…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Chenglizhao Chen , Yuchen Cao , Xinyu Liu , Mengke Song , Guisheng Zhang , Xiaomin Yu

Multimodal learning often outperforms its unimodal counterparts by exploiting unimodal contributions and cross-modal interactions. However, focusing only on integrating multimodal features into a unified comprehensive representation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Sehwan Moon , Hyunju Lee

Prompt learning approaches have made waves in natural language processing by inducing better few-shot performance while they still follow a parametric-based learning paradigm; the oblivion and rote memorization problems in learning may…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Xiang Chen , Lei Li , Ningyu Zhang , Xiaozhuan Liang , Shumin Deng , Chuanqi Tan , Fei Huang , Luo Si , Huajun Chen

Significant advancements have been made in single label incremental learning (SLCIL),yet the more practical and challenging multi label class incremental learning (MLCIL) remains understudied. Recently,visual language models such as CLIP…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Haifeng Zhao , Yuguang Jin , Leilei Ma

Loss of plasticity is one of the main challenges in continual learning with deep neural networks, where neural networks trained via backpropagation gradually lose their ability to adapt to new tasks and perform significantly worse than…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Jiuqi Wang , Rohan Chandra , Shangtong Zhang

Deep networks allow to obtain outstanding results in semantic segmentation, however they need to be trained in a single shot with a large amount of data. Continual learning settings where new classes are learned in incremental steps and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-21 Andrea Maracani , Umberto Michieli , Marco Toldo , Pietro Zanuttigh
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