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We analyze a zeroth-order particle algorithm for the global optimization of a non-convex function, focusing on a variant of Consensus-Based Optimization (CBO) with small but fixed noise intensity. Unlike most previous studies restricted to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-24 Pascal Bianchi , Radu-Alexandru Dragomir , Victor Priser

We derive a set of criteria to decide whether a given projection measurement can be, in principle, exactly implemented solely by means of linear optics. The derivation can be adapted to various detection methods, including photon counting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-16 Peter van Loock , Norbert Lütkenhaus

Busch's theorem deriving the standard quantum probability rule can be regarded as a more general form of Gleason's theorem. Here we show that a further generalisation is possible by reducing the number of quantum postulates used by Busch.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-04-17 Stephen M. Barnett , James D. Cresser , John Jeffers , David T. Pegg

We provide a general framework of utilizing the no-signaling principle in derivation of the guessing probability in the minimum-error quantum state discrimination. We show that, remarkably, the guessing probability can be determined by the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-10-24 Joonwoo Bae , Won-Young Hwang , Yeong-Deok Han

The framework of generalized probabilistic theories (GPTs) is a popular approach for studying the physical foundations of quantum theory. The standard framework assumes the no-restriction hypothesis, in which the state space of a physical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-05-19 Peter Janotta , Raymond Lal

Non Gaussian states and processes are useful resources in quantum information with continuous variables. An experimentally accessible criterion has been proposed to measure the degree of non Gaussianity of quantum states, based on the…

The no-programming theorem prohibits the existence of a Universal Programmable Quantum Processor. This statement has several implications in relation to quantum computation, but also to other tasks of quantum information processing, making…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-02 Aleksander M. Kubicki , Carlos Palazuelos , David Pérez-García

A standard approach in the foundations of quantum mechanics studies local realism and hidden variables models exclusively in terms of violations of Bell-like inequalities. Thus quantum nonlocality is tied to the celebrated no-go theorems,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 James D. Malley , Arthur Fine

We discuss how to reconstruct quantum theory from operational postulates. In particular, the following postulates are consistent only with for classical probability theory and quantum theory. Logical Sharpness: There is a one-to-one map…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-03-20 Lucien Hardy

Gaussian states are of fundamental importance in the physics of continuous-variable quantum systems. They are appealing for the experimental ease with which they can be produced, and for their compact and an elegant mathematical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-27 Kaustav Chatterjee , Ulrik Lund Andersen

The celebrated Bell-Kochen-Specker no-go theorem asserts that quantum mechanics does not present the property of realism, the essence of the theorem is the lack of a joint probability distributions for some experiment settings. In this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-06 Zhih-Ahn Jia , Rui Zhai , Bai-Chu Yu , Yu-Chun Wu , Guang-Can Guo

The nonclassical properties of quantum states are of tremendous interest due to their potential applications in future technologies. It has recently been realized that the concept of a "resource theory" is a powerful approach to quantifying…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-01 Wenchao Ge , Kurt Jacobs , Saeed Asiri , Michael Foss-Feig , M. Suhail Zubairy

We study the thermodynamics of a quantum measurement-powered engine that converts energy injected by measurement backaction into work. We consider an engine with a finite-dimensional working substance, driven purely by quantum measurements,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-27 Kenta Koshihara , Kazuya Yuasa

An understanding of quantum theory in terms of new, underlying descriptions capable of explaining the existence of non-classical correlations, non-commutativity of measurements and other unique and counter-intuitive phenomena remains still…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-12 Yasmin Navarrete , Sergio Davis

The existence of incompatible measurements is often believed to be a feature of quantum theory which signals its inconsistency with any classical worldview. To prove the failure of classicality in the sense of Kochen-Specker…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-05 John H. Selby , David Schmid , Elie Wolfe , Ana Belén Sainz , Ravi Kunjwal , Robert W. Spekkens

Quantum non-Gaussianity is a key resource for quantum advantage in continuous-variable systems. We introduce a general framework to quantify non-Gaussianity based on correlation generation: two copies of a state become correlated at a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-28 Oliver Hahn , Ryuji Takagi

Generalized and Simulated Method of Moments are often used to estimate structural Economic models. Yet, it is commonly reported that optimization is challenging because the corresponding objective function is non-convex. For smooth…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-07-11 Jean-Jacques Forneron , Liang Zhong

Quantum theory combines density matrices, Born probabilities, tensor-product composites, positive-operator-valued measures (POVMs), and quantum channels. In a finite-dimensional causal operational theory, we prove that two postulates…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-25 Kenji Nakahira

In this work we introduce a general scheme for measurement based quantum computation in continuous variables. Our approach does not necessarily rely on the use of ancillary cluster states to achieve its aim, but rather on the detection of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-02-01 Giulia Ferrini , Jonathan Roslund , Francesco Arzani , Claude Fabre , Nicolas Treps

A novel no-go theorem is presented which sets a bound upon the extent to which '\Psi-epistemic' interpretations of quantum theory are able to explain the overlap between non-orthogonal quantum states in terms of an experimenter's ignorance…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-23 O. J. E. Maroney