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Recent advancements in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have significantly enhanced performance on 2D visual tasks. However, improving their spatial intelligence remains a challenge. Existing 3D MLLMs always rely on additional 3D or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Diankun Wu , Fangfu Liu , Yi-Hsin Hung , Yueqi Duan

The development of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) is striving to catch up with the success of Large Language Models (LLMs), yet it faces more challenges to be resolved. Very recent works enable LVLMs to localize object-level visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Zhipeng Huang , Zhizheng Zhang , Zheng-Jun Zha , Yan Lu , Baining Guo

Recent advances in vision-language models have significantly expanded the frontiers of automated image analysis. However, applying these models in safety-critical contexts remains challenging due to the complex relationships between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Muhammad Imran , Yugyung Lee

The rapid progress of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has unlocked the potential for enhanced 3D scene understanding and spatial reasoning. A recent line of work explores learning spatial reasoning directly from multi-view images,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Kanghee Lee , Injae Lee , Minseok Kwak , Jungi Hong , Kwonyoung Ryu , Jaesik Park

3D layout generation and editing play a crucial role in Embodied AI and immersive VR interaction. However, manual creation requires tedious labor, while data-driven generation often lacks diversity. The emergence of large models introduces…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Haiyan Jiang , Deyu Zhang , Dongdong Weng , Weitao Song , Henry Been-Lirn Duh

Vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in understanding and reasoning about visual content, but significant challenges persist in tasks requiring cross-viewpoint understanding and spatial reasoning. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Dingming Li , Hongxing Li , Zixuan Wang , Yuchen Yan , Hang Zhang , Siqi Chen , Guiyang Hou , Shengpei Jiang , Wenqi Zhang , Yongliang Shen , Weiming Lu , Yueting Zhuang

Large vision-language models (VLMs) have made significant strides in 2D visual understanding tasks, sparking interest in extending these capabilities to 3D scene understanding. However, current 3D VLMs often struggle with robust reasoning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Ting Huang , Zeyu Zhang , Hao Tang

The remarkable potential of multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) in comprehending both vision and language information has been widely acknowledged. However, the scarcity of 3D scenes-language pairs in comparison to their 2D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Zeju Li , Chao Zhang , Xiaoyan Wang , Ruilong Ren , Yifan Xu , Ruifei Ma , Xiangde Liu

Scene understanding is one of the core tasks in computer vision, aiming to extract semantic information from images to identify objects, scene categories, and their interrelationships. Although advancements in Vision-Language Models (VLMs)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Jingyao Wang , Yiming Chen , Lingyu Si , Changwen Zheng

While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) exhibit strong performance on standard video tasks, their ability to faithfully summarize and reason over complex narratives remains poorly evaluated. Existing summarization benchmarks fragment…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Mengqi Shi , Haopeng Zhang

Embedding a language field in a 3D representation enables richer semantic understanding of spatial environments by linking geometry with descriptive meaning. This allows for a more intuitive human-computer interaction, enabling querying or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Shai Krakovsky , Gal Fiebelman , Sagie Benaim , Hadar Averbuch-Elor

To enable robots to comprehend high-level human instructions and perform complex tasks, a key challenge lies in achieving comprehensive scene understanding: interpreting and interacting with the 3D environment in a meaningful way. This…

Precise spatial understanding from multi-view images remains a fundamental challenge for Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), as their visual representations are predominantly semantic and lack explicit geometric grounding. While…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Chanyoung Gwak , Yoonwoo Jeong , Byungwoo Jeon , Hyunseok Lee , Jinwoo Shin , Minsu Cho

Research on 3D Vision-Language Models (3D-VLMs) is gaining increasing attention, which is crucial for developing embodied AI within 3D scenes, such as visual navigation and embodied question answering. Due to the high density of visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Hongyan Zhi , Peihao Chen , Junyan Li , Shuailei Ma , Xinyu Sun , Tianhang Xiang , Yinjie Lei , Mingkui Tan , Chuang Gan

This paper addresses the problem of geometric scene parsing, i.e. simultaneously labeling geometric surfaces (e.g. sky, ground and vertical plane) and determining the interaction relations (e.g. layering, supporting, siding and affinity)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-04-11 Zhanglin Peng , Ruimao Zhang , Xiaodan Liang , Xiaobai Liu , Liang Lin

Realistic 3D indoor scene generation is crucial for virtual reality, interior design, embodied intelligence, and scene understanding. While existing methods have made progress in coarse-scale furniture arrangement, they struggle to capture…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Xiping Wang , Yuxi Wang , Mengqi Zhou , Junsong Fan , Zhaoxiang Zhang

3D visual grounding aims to localize the unique target described by natural languages in 3D scenes. The significant gap between 3D and language modalities makes it a notable challenge to distinguish multiple similar objects through the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Feng Xiao , Hongbin Xu , Guocan Zhao , Wenxiong Kang

Visual reasoning, particularly spatial reasoning, is a challenging cognitive task that requires understanding object relationships and their interactions within complex environments, especially in robotics domain. Existing vision_language…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Simindokht Jahangard , Mehrzad Mohammadi , Abhinav Dhall , Hamid Rezatofighi

In recent years, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in tasks like visual question answering and common sense reasoning, while visual perception models have made significant strides in perception…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Guanqun Wang , Xinyu Wei , Jiaming Liu , Ray Zhang , Yichi Zhang , Kevin Zhang , Maurice Chong , Shanghang Zhang

Human-scene vision-language tasks are increasingly prevalent in diverse social applications, yet recent advancements predominantly rely on models specifically tailored to individual tasks. Emerging research indicates that large…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Dawei Dai , Xu Long , Li Yutang , Zhang Yuanhui , Shuyin Xia