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Concept-based models aim to explain model decisions with human-understandable concepts. However, most existing approaches treat concepts as numerical attributes, without providing complementary visual explanations that could localize the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Cristiano Patrício , Luís F. Teixeira , João C. Neves

Composition is a cornerstone of visual aesthetics, influencing the appeal of an image. While its principles operate independently of specific content, in practice, composition is often coupled with semantics. As a result, existing methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Kai Zou , Zhiwei Zhao , Bin Liu , Nenghai Yu

Despite substantial progress in applying neural networks (NN) to a wide variety of areas, they still largely suffer from a lack of transparency and interpretability. While recent developments in explainable artificial intelligence attempt…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Yunhao Ge , Yao Xiao , Zhi Xu , Meng Zheng , Srikrishna Karanam , Terrence Chen , Laurent Itti , Ziyan Wu

Image captioning aims to generate natural language descriptions for input images in an open-form manner. To accurately generate descriptions related to the image, a critical step in image captioning is to identify objects and understand…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Jinjing Gu , Tianbao Qin , Yuanyuan Pu , Zhengpeng Zhao

We investigate the use of multimodal information contained in images as an effective method for enhancing the commonsense of Transformer models for text generation. We perform experiments using BART and T5 on concept-to-text generation,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-28 Steven Y. Feng , Kevin Lu , Zhuofu Tao , Malihe Alikhani , Teruko Mitamura , Eduard Hovy , Varun Gangal

We present a framework for perspective-aware reasoning in vision-language models (VLMs) through mental imagery simulation. Perspective-taking, the ability to perceive an environment or situation from an alternative viewpoint, is a key…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Phillip Y. Lee , Jihyeon Je , Chanho Park , Mikaela Angelina Uy , Leonidas Guibas , Minhyuk Sung

Recognising emotions in context involves identifying an individual's apparent emotions while considering contextual cues from the surrounding scene. Previous approaches to this task have typically designed explicit scene-encoding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Alexandros Xenos , Niki Maria Foteinopoulou , Ioanna Ntinou , Ioannis Patras , Georgios Tzimiropoulos

Recent progress on automatic generation of image captions has shown that it is possible to describe the most salient information conveyed by images with accurate and meaningful sentences. In this paper, we propose an image caption system…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-06-23 Junqi Jin , Kun Fu , Runpeng Cui , Fei Sha , Changshui Zhang

Understanding visual differences between dynamic scenes requires the comparative perception of compositional, spatial, and temporal changes--a capability that remains underexplored in existing vision-language systems. While prior work on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Jiangtao Wu , Shihao Li , Zhaozhou Bian , Jialu Chen , Runzhe Wen , An Ping , Yiwen He , Jiakai Wang , Yuanxing Zhang , Jiaheng Liu

Model editing aims to correct errors in large, pretrained models without altering unrelated behaviors. While some recent works have edited vision-language models (VLMs), no existing editors tackle reasoning-heavy tasks, which typically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Jiaxing Qiu , Kaihua Hou , Roxana Daneshjou , Ahmed Alaa , Thomas Hartvigsen

In this paper, we present Language Model as Visual Explainer LVX, a systematic approach for interpreting the internal workings of vision models using a tree-structured linguistic explanation, without the need for model training. Central to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Xingyi Yang , Xinchao Wang

Image captioning is a challenging computer vision task, which aims to generate a natural language description of an image. Most recent researches follow the encoder-decoder framework which depends heavily on the previous generated words for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Zeliang Song , Xiaofei Zhou , Zhendong Mao , Jianlong Tan

Image Captioning, or the automatic generation of descriptions for images, is one of the core problems in Computer Vision and has seen considerable progress using Deep Learning Techniques. We propose to use Inception-ResNet Convolutional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Sulabh Katiyar , Samir Kumar Borgohain

Complex Visual Question Answering (Complex VQA) tasks, which demand sophisticated multi-modal reasoning and external knowledge integration, present significant challenges for existing large vision-language models (LVLMs) often limited by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Jingwei Peng , Jiehao Chen , Mateo Alejandro Rojas , Meilin Zhang

We present a universal framework to model contextualized sentence representations with visual awareness that is motivated to overcome the shortcomings of the multimodal parallel data with manual annotations. For each sentence, we first…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Zhuosheng Zhang , Rui Wang , Kehai Chen , Masao Utiyama , Eiichiro Sumita , Hai Zhao

The application of visual instruction tuning and other post-training techniques has significantly enhanced the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) in visual understanding, enriching Vision-Language Models (VLMs) with more…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Mingjie Xu , Andrew Estornell , Hongzheng Yang , Yuzhi Zhao , Zhaowei Zhu , Qi Xuan , Jiaheng Wei

Paragraph-style image captions describe diverse aspects of an image as opposed to the more common single-sentence captions that only provide an abstract description of the image. These paragraph captions can hence contain substantial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-17 Hyounghun Kim , Mohit Bansal

Vision-language models (VLMs) often struggle to generate accurate and detailed captions for high-resolution images since they are typically pre-trained on low-resolution inputs (e.g., 224x224 or 336x336 pixels). Downscaling high-resolution…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Hankyeol Lee , Gawon Seo , Kyounggyu Lee , Dogun Kim , Kyungwoo Song , Jiyoung Jung

We introduce a new dataset for joint reasoning about natural language and images, with a focus on semantic diversity, compositionality, and visual reasoning challenges. The data contains 107,292 examples of English sentences paired with web…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-07-23 Alane Suhr , Stephanie Zhou , Ally Zhang , Iris Zhang , Huajun Bai , Yoav Artzi

Vision-language models such as CLIP often struggle to faithfully understand long, detail-rich captions, relying on dominant scene cues while overlooking fine-grained visual evidence. We propose a hierarchical vision-language learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Byeongju Woo , Zilin Wang , Byeonghyun Pak , Sangwoo Mo , Stella X. Yu