Related papers: The Second Gibbs Paradox
A new theory on gas-liquid phase transition is given. The new idea is that the total intermolecular potential energy for a classical system in equilibrium is relative with the average distance of molecules. A new space homogeneity…
We write explicitly the Euler identity and the Gibbs-Duhem relation for thermodynamic potentials that are not homogeneous first-order functions of their natural extensive variables. We apply the rules to the theory of geometrothermodynamics…
The inclusion of the factor $\ln (1/N!)$ in the thermodynamic entropy proposed by Gibbs is shown to be equivalent to the validity of the fluctuation theorem with absolute irreversibility for gas mixing.
We show that the vacuum structure of a generic multi-Higgs-doublet model shares several important features with the vacuum structure of the two and three Higgs-doublet model. In particular, one can still define the usual charge breaking,…
The liquid spinodal, which is the bedrock of water thermodynamics, has long been discussed alongside the elusive liquid-liquid critical point hidden behind the limit of homogeneous nucleation. This has inspired numerous scenarios that…
An experimental proposal to test the existence of a liquid-liquid critical point in water, based on high pressure calorimetric measurements, is presented on this paper. Considering the existence of an intramolecular correlation in the water…
The dynamical convergence of a system to the thermal distribution, or Gibbs state, is a standard assumption across all of the physical sciences. The Gibbs state is determined just by temperature and the system's energies alone. But at…
The article introduces a new relationship between the chemical system complexity and deviation of its bifurcation point from thermodynamic equilibrium. In the formalism of discrete thermodynamics of chemical equilibria, simulation of…
The Gibbs paradox of the first kind (GP1) refers to the false increase in entropy which, in statistical mechanics, is calculated from the process of combining two gas systems S1 and S2 consisting of distinguishable particles. Presented in a…
The potential energy of a deformed nucleus has been determined within a Generalized Liquid Drop Model taking into account the proximity energy, the microscopic corrections and compact and necked shapes. Multiple-humped potential barriers…
In this chapter we address the topic of quantum thermodynamics in the presence of additional observables beyond the energy of the system. In particular we discuss the special role that the generalized Gibbs ensemble plays in this theory,…
Dynamical density functional simulations reveal structural aspects of crystal nucleation in undercooled liquids: the first appearing solid is amorphous, which promotes the nucleation of bcc crystals, but suppresses the appearance of the fcc…
In a recent paper, Dunkel and Hilbert [Nature Physics 10, 67-72 (2014)] use an entropy definition due to Gibbs to provide a 'consistent thermostatistics' which forbids negative absolute temperatures. Here we argue that the Gibbs entropy…
Nuclei are small and inhomogeneous. Multi-fragmented nuclei are even more inhomogeneous and the fragments even smaller. System studied in chemical thermodynamics (CTh) consist of several homogeneous macroscopic phases. Evidently,…
The importance of a Coulomb correction to the formalism proposed by Albergo et al. for determining the temperatures of nuclear systems at break-up and the ensities of free nucleon gases is discussed. While the proposed correction has no…
Thermodynamics of chemical elements, based on the two-component electron-nuclear plasma model shows that the critical parameters for the liquid-vapor transition are the quantum values for which the classical limit is absent.
Two equations for the calculation of the critical energy required for homogeneous nucleation in a superheated liquid, and the related critical radius of the nucleated vapour bubble, are obtained, the former by the direct application of the…
In the most general model with two Higgs doublets, if a minimum that preserves the $U(1)_{em}$ symmetry exists, then charge breaking (CB) minima cannot occur. The depth of the potential at a stationary point that breaks CB or CP, relative…
The distinction between proper and improper mixtures is a staple of the discussion of foundational questions in quantum mechanics. Here we note an analogous distinction in the context of the theory of entanglement. The terminology of…
Consider the day when an invariant mass peak, roughly compatible with "the Higgs", begins to emerge, say at the LHC, ... and may you see that day. There will be a difference between discovery and scrutiny. The latter would involve an effort…