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Leveraging the powerful reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs), recent LLM-based robot task planning methods yield promising results. However, they mainly focus on single or multiple homogeneous robots on simple tasks.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Kehui Liu , Zixin Tang , Dong Wang , Zhigang Wang , Xuelong Li , Bin Zhao

Multi-robot collaboration tasks often require heterogeneous robots to work together over long horizons under spatial constraints and environmental uncertainties. Although Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at reasoning and planning, their…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Siqi Song , Xuanbing Xie , Zonglin Li , Yuqiang Li , Shijie Wang , Biqing Qi

We present a novel mission-planning strategy for heterogeneous multi-robot teams, taking into account the specific constraints and capabilities of each robot. Our approach employs hierarchical trees to systematically break down complex…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Piyush Gupta , David Isele , Enna Sachdeva , Pin-Hao Huang , Behzad Dariush , Kwonjoon Lee , Sangjae Bae

Heterogeneous multi-robot systems (HMRS) have emerged as a powerful approach for tackling complex tasks that single robots cannot manage alone. Current large-language-model-based multi-agent systems (LLM-based MAS) have shown success in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Junting Chen , Checheng Yu , Xunzhe Zhou , Tianqi Xu , Yao Mu , Mengkang Hu , Wenqi Shao , Yikai Wang , Guohao Li , Lin Shao

Multi-robot coordination based on large language models (LLMs) has attracted growing attention, since LLMs enable the direct translation of natural language instructions into robot action plans by decomposing tasks and generating high-level…

We introduce a novel framework for automatic behavior tree (BT) construction in heterogeneous multi-robot systems, designed to address the challenges of adaptability and robustness in dynamic environments. Traditional robots are limited by…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Chaoran Wang , Jingyuan Sun , Yanhui Zhang , Mingyu Zhang , Changju Wu

Robot swarms promise scalable assistance in complex and hazardous environments. Task planning lies at the core of human-swarm collaboration, translating the operator's intent into coordinated swarm actions and helping determine when…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Junfeng Chen , Yuxiao Zhu , An Zhuo , Xintong Zhang , Shuo Zhang , Guanghui Wen , Xiwang Dong , Meng Guo , Zhongkui Li

Coordinating heterogeneous robot fleets to achieve multiple goals is challenging in multi-robot systems. We introduce an open-source and extensible framework for centralized multi-robot task planning and scheduling that leverages LLMs to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Rohan Gupta , Trevor Asbery , Zain Merchant , Abrar Anwar , Jesse Thomason

This paper presents LEMURS, an algorithm for learning scalable multi-robot control policies from cooperative task demonstrations. We propose a port-Hamiltonian description of the multi-robot system to exploit universal physical constraints…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-23 Eduardo Sebastian , Thai Duong , Nikolay Atanasov , Eduardo Montijano , Carlos Sagues

This paper takes the first step towards a reactive, hierarchical multi-robot task allocation and planning framework given a global Linear Temporal Logic specification. The capabilities of both quadrupedal and wheeled robots are leveraged…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Ziyi Zhou , Dong Jae Lee , Yuki Yoshinaga , Stephen Balakirsky , Dejun Guo , Ye Zhao

In this paper, we consider teams of robots with heterogeneous skills (e.g., sensing and manipulation) tasked with collaborative missions described by Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) formulas. These LTL-encoded tasks require robots to apply…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Samarth Kalluraya , Beichen Zhou , Yiannis Kantaros

Rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have enabled robots to performcomplex tasks autonomously with increasing precision. However, multi-robot systems (MRSs) face challenges in generalization, heterogeneity, and safety,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Zhaoxing Li , Wenbo Wu , Yue Wang , Yanran Xu , William Hunt , Sebastian Stein

The ability of Language Models (LMs) to understand natural language makes them a powerful tool for parsing human instructions into task plans for autonomous robots. Unlike traditional planning methods that rely on domain-specific knowledge…

A flurry of recent work has demonstrated that pre-trained large language models (LLMs) can be effective task planners for a variety of single-robot tasks. The planning performance of LLMs is significantly improved via prompting techniques,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Yongchao Chen , Jacob Arkin , Yang Zhang , Nicholas Roy , Chuchu Fan

Multi-robot task planning requires decomposing natural-language instructions into executable actions for heterogeneous robot teams. Conventional Planning Domain Definition Language (PDDL) planners provide rigorous guarantees but struggle to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Tomoya Kawabe , Rin Takano

Task planning systems have been developed to help robots use human knowledge (about actions) to complete long-horizon tasks. Most of them have been developed for "closed worlds" while assuming the robot is provided with complete world…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-09 Yan Ding , Xiaohan Zhang , Saeid Amiri , Nieqing Cao , Hao Yang , Andy Kaminski , Chad Esselink , Shiqi Zhang

The integration of large language models (LLMs) with robotics has significantly advanced robots' abilities in perception, cognition, and task planning. The use of natural language interfaces offers a unified approach for expressing the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Wenhao Yu , Jie Peng , Yueliang Ying , Sai Li , Jianmin Ji , Yanyong Zhang

Long-horizon task planning for heterogeneous multi-robot systems is essential for deploying collaborative teams in real-world environments; yet, it remains challenging due to the large volume of perceptual information, much of which is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Piyush Gupta , Sangjae Bae , Jiachen Li , David Isele

Compared with the widely investigated homogeneous multi-robot collaboration, heterogeneous robots with different capabilities can provide a more efficient and flexible collaboration for more complex tasks. In this paper, we consider a more…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Xinzhu Liu , Peiyan Li , Wenju Yang , Di Guo , Huaping Liu

While Large Language Models (LLM) enable non-experts to specify open-world multi-robot tasks, the generated plans often lack kinematic feasibility and are not efficient, especially in long-horizon scenarios. Formal methods like Linear…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Shuyuan Hu , Tao Lin , Kai Ye , Yang Yang , Tianwei Zhang
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