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In this paper, we adopt 3D Convolutional Neural Networks to segment volumetric medical images. Although deep neural networks have been proven to be very effective on many 2D vision tasks, it is still challenging to apply them to 3D tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-03 Zhuotun Zhu , Yingda Xia , Wei Shen , Elliot K. Fishman , Alan L. Yuille

Maps of brain microarchitecture are important for understanding neurological function and behavior, including alterations caused by chronic conditions such as neurodegenerative disease. Techniques such as knife-edge scanning microscopy…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-06 Leila Saadatifard , Aryan Mobiny , Pavel Govyadinov , Hien Nguyen , David Mayerich

Blood vessel segmentation is a core task in medical image analysis for the care of vascular diseases and surgical planning, yet the challenges of providing expert vascular annotations pose a major obstacle for the progress of related deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Erin Rainville , Melissa Ananian , Tristan Mirolla , Hassan Rivaz , Yiming Xiao

Uncertainty in medical image segmentation tasks, especially inter-rater variability, arising from differences in interpretations and annotations by various experts, presents a significant challenge in achieving consistent and reliable image…

Quantitative, volumetric analysis of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a fundamental way researchers study the brain in a host of neurological conditions including normal maturation and aging. Despite the availability of open-source brain…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2019-11-15 Aakash Kaku , Chaitra V. Hegde , Jeffrey Huang , Sohae Chung , Xiuyuan Wang , Matthew Young , Alireza Radmanesh , Yvonne W. Lui , Narges Razavian

Video microscopy has a long history of providing insights and breakthroughs for a broad range of disciplines, from physics to biology. Image analysis to extract quantitative information from video microscopy data has traditionally relied on…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-12 Benjamin Midtvedt , Saga Helgadottir , Aykut Argun , Jesús Pineda , Daniel Midtvedt , Giovanni Volpe

Deep learning-based image segmentation has allowed for the fully automated, accurate, and rapid analysis of musculoskeletal (MSK) structures from medical images. However, current approaches were either applied only to 2D cross-sectional…

Background Analyzing images to accurately estimate the number of different cell types in the brain using automatic methods is a major objective in neuroscience. The automatic and selective detection and segmentation of neurons would be an…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-07 Antonio LaTorre , Lidia Alonso-Nanclares , José María Peña , Javier De Felipe

Deep learning (DL) networks have recently been shown to outperform other segmentation methods on various public, medical-image challenge datasets [3,11,16], especially for large pathologies. However, in the context of diseases such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-18 Tanya Nair , Doina Precup , Douglas L. Arnold , Tal Arbel

Training deep neural networks on large and sparse datasets is still challenging and can require large amounts of computation and memory. In this work, we address the task of performing semantic segmentation on large volumetric data sets,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-09 Lorenz Berger , Eoin Hyde , Matt Gibb , Nevil Pavithran , Garin Kelly , Faiz Mumtaz , Sébastien Ourselin

Semantic segmentation of blood vessels is an important task in medical image analysis, but its progress is often hindered by the scarcity of large annotated datasets and the poor generalization of models across different imaging modalities.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Cesar H. Comin , Wesley N. Galvão

Analyzing CT scans, MRIs and X-rays is pivotal in diagnosing and treating diseases. However, detecting and identifying abnormalities from such medical images is a time-intensive process that requires expert analysis and is prone to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-14 Daniel Syomichev , Padmini Gopinath , Guang-Lin Wei , Eric Chang , Ian Gordon , Amanuel Seifu , Rahul Pemmaraju , Neehar Peri , James Purtilo

Automatic segmentation of multiple organs and tumors from 3D medical images such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) scans using deep learning methods can aid in diagnosing and treating cancer. However, organs…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-25 Hao Li , Yang Nan , Javier Del Ser , Guang Yang

The escalating global cancer burden underscores the critical need for precise diagnostic tools in oncology. This research employs deep learning to enhance lesion segmentation in PET/CT imaging, utilizing a dataset of 900 whole-body…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Jiayi Liu , Qiaoyi Xue , Youdan Feng , Tianming Xu , Kaixin Shen , Chuyun Shen , Yuhang Shi

Accurate segmentation of brain tumors is vital for diagnosis, surgical planning, and treatment monitoring. Deep learning has advanced on benchmarks, but two issues limit clinical use: no uncertainty estimates for errors and no segmentation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Andrew Zhou

The throughput of electron microscopes has increased significantly in recent years, enabling detailed analysis of cell morphology and ultrastructure. Analysis of neural circuits at single-synapse resolution remains the flagship target of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-07 Constantin Pape , Alex Matskevych , Adrian Wolny , Julian Hennies , Giula Mizzon , Marion Louveaux , Jacob Musser , Alexis Maizel , Detlev Arendt , Anna Kreshuk

Skin cancer is a frequently occurring cancer in the human population, and it is very important to be able to diagnose malignant tumors in the body early. Lesion segmentation is crucial for monitoring the morphological changes of skin…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-06 Changlu Guo , Jiangyan Dai , Marton Szemenyei , Yugen Yi

Accurate vessel segmentation is essential for medical image analysis, yet remains challenging due to complex vascular patterns and imaging ambiguity. Most deep models rely on single-pass prediction, limiting their ability to refine…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Huan Huang , Michele Esposito , Chen Zhao

Automation of brain tumor segmentation in 3D magnetic resonance images (MRIs) is key to assess the diagnostic and treatment of the disease. In recent years, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have shown improved results in the task.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-01-01 Laura Mora Ballestar , Veronica Vilaplana

The utilisation of deep learning segmentation algorithms that learn complex organs and tissue patterns and extract essential regions of interest from the noisy background to improve the visual ability for medical image diagnosis has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Yanming Guo