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LLMs are commonly used in retrieval-augmented applications to execute user instructions based on data from external sources. For example, modern search engines use LLMs to answer queries based on relevant search results; email plugins…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Sahar Abdelnabi , Aideen Fay , Giovanni Cherubin , Ahmed Salem , Mario Fritz , Andrew Paverd

[Context] Open Source Software (OSS) is nowadays used and integrated in most of the commercial products. However, the selection of OSS projects for integration is not a simple process, mainly due to a of lack of clear selection models and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-02-07 Xiaozhou Li , Sergio Moreschini , Zheying Zhang , Davide Taibi

Research shows, that the major issue in development of quality software is precise estimation. Further this estimation depends upon the degree of intricacy inherent in the software i.e. complexity. This paper attempts to empirically…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2010-06-16 Ashish Sharma , D. S. Kushwaha

Exploring the impact of change requests applied to a software maintenance project helps to assess the fault-proneness of the change request to be handled further, which is perhaps a bug fix or even a new feature demand. In practice, the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2015-02-04 Rudra Kumar M , A Ananda Rao

State-of-the-art DRAM read disturbance mitigations rely on the read disturbance threshold (RDT) (e.g., the number of aggressor row activations needed to induce the first read disturbance bitflip) to securely and performance- and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Ataberk Olgun , F. Nisa Bostanci , Ismail Emir Yuksel , Haocong Luo , Minesh Patel , A. Giray Yaglikci , Onur Mutlu

Large Language Model (LLM) services such as ChatGPT, DALLE, and Cursor have quickly become essential for society, businesses, and individuals, empowering applications such as chatbots, image generation, and code assistance. The complexity…

Despite their empirical success, most existing listwiselearning-to-rank (LTR) models are not built to be robust to errors in labeling or annotation, distributional data shift, or adversarial data perturbations. To fill this gap, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Shahabeddin Sotudian , Ruidi Chen , Ioannis Paschalidis

As large language models(LLMs) become commonplace in practical applications, the security issues of LLMs have attracted societal concerns. Although extensive efforts have been made to safety alignment, LLMs remain vulnerable to jailbreak…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Xu Zhang , Dinghao Jing , Xiaojun Wan

Toxic interactions in Open Source Software (OSS) communities reduce contributor engagement and threaten project sustainability. Preventing such toxicity before it emerges requires a clear understanding of how harmful conversations unfold.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Mia Mohammad Imran , Robert Zita , Rahat Rizvi Rahman , Preetha Chatterjee , Kostadin Damevski

Data is the key asset for organizations and data sharing is lifeline for organization growth; which may lead to data loss. Data leakage is the most critical issue being faced by organizations. In order to mitigate the data leakage issues…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-22 Kishu Gupta , Ashwani Kush

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has become the dominant paradigm for advanced reasoning in Large Language Models (LLMs), but rollout samples are expensive to obtain, making sample efficiency a critical bottleneck. A…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Yuchun Miao , Sen Zhang , Yuqi Zhang , Yaorui Shi , Qi Gu , Xunliang Cai , Lefei Zhang

Importance: We introduce a novel Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG)-Large Language Model (LLM) framework as a Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS) to support safe medication prescription. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of…

With the rapid advancement of large language models , code generation has become a key benchmark for evaluating LLM capabilities. However, existing benchmarks face two major challenges: (1) the escalating cost of constructing high-quality…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Junjie Shi , Wei Ma , Shi Ying , Lingxiao Jiang , Yang liu , Bo Du

In light of the rapid adoption of AI coding assistants, LLM-assisted development has become increasingly prevalent, creating an urgent need for robust evaluation of generated code quality. Existing benchmarks often require extensive manual…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Yuancheng Jiang , Roland Yap , Zhenkai Liang

Financial institutions deploy Large Language Models (LLMs) for reconciliations, regulatory reporting, and client communications, but nondeterministic outputs (output drift) undermine auditability and trust. We quantify drift across five…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Raffi Khatchadourian , Rolando Franco

In multi-agent safety-critical scenarios, traditional autonomous driving frameworks face significant challenges in balancing safety constraints and task performance. These frameworks struggle to quantify dynamic interaction risks in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Kaifeng Wang , Yinsong Chen , Qi Liu , Xueyuan Li , Xin Gao

Deep learning models achieve strong performance in chest radiograph (CXR) interpretation, yet fairness and reliability concerns persist. Models often show uneven accuracy across patient subgroups, leading to hidden failures not reflected in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Han-Jay Shu , Wei-Ning Chiu , Shun-Ting Chang , Meng-Ping Huang , Takeshi Tohyama , Ahram Han , Po-Chih Kuo

High-level penetration of intermittent renewable energy sources (RESs) has introduced significant uncertainties into modern power systems. In order to rapidly and economically respond to the fluctuations of power system operating state,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-08 Pengfei Wu , Chen Chen , Dexiang Lai , Jian Zhong

Inspired by the success of language models (LM), scaling up deep learning recommendation systems (DLRS) has become a recent trend in the community. All previous methods tend to scale up the model parameters during training time. However,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Fuyuan Lyu , Zhentai Chen , Jingyan Jiang , Lingjie Li , Xing Tang , Xiuqiang He , Xue Liu

Despite various approaches being employed to detect vulnerabilities, the number of reported vulnerabilities shows an upward trend over the years. This suggests the problems are not caught before the code is released, which could be caused…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Karl Tamberg , Hayretdin Bahsi
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