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The multi-agent pathfinding (MAPF) problem seeks collision-free paths for a team of agents from their current positions to their pre-set goals in a known environment, and is an essential problem found at the core of many logistics,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Chengyang He , Tianze Yang , Tanishq Duhan , Yutong Wang , Guillaume Sartoretti

This paper addresses the challenges of real-time, large-scale, and near-optimal multi-agent pathfinding (MAPF) through enhancements to the recently proposed LaCAM* algorithm. LaCAM* is a scalable search-based algorithm that guarantees the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Keisuke Okumura

On an assigned graph, the problem of Multi-Agent Pathfinding (MAPF) consists in finding paths for multiple agents, avoiding collisions. Finding the minimum-length solution is known to be NP-hard, and computation times grows exponentially…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Stefano Ardizzoni , Irene Saccani , Luca Consolini , Marco Locatelli

Multi-agent pathfinding (MAPF) is a problem that generally requires finding collision-free paths for multiple agents in a shared environment. Solving MAPF optimally, even under restrictive assumptions, is NP-hard, yet efficient solutions…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Anton Andreychuk , Konstantin Yakovlev , Aleksandr Panov , Alexey Skrynnik

The vast majority of Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) methods with completeness guarantees require planning full-horizon paths. However, planning full-horizon paths can take too long and be impractical in real-world applications. Instead,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Runzhe Liang , Rishi Veerapaneni , Daniel Harabor , Jiaoyang Li , Maxim Likhachev

We consider a Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) setting where agents have been assigned a plan, but during its execution some agents are delayed. Instead of replanning from scratch when such a delay occurs, we propose delay introduction,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Justin Kottinger , Tzvika Geft , Shaull Almagor , Oren Salzman , Morteza Lahijanian

Multi-agent pathfinding (MAPF) remains a critical problem in robotics and autonomous systems, where agents must navigate shared spaces efficiently while avoiding conflicts. Traditional centralized algorithms with global information provide…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Bharath Muppasani , Ritirupa Dey , Biplav Srivastava , Vignesh Narayanan

We study the planning and acting phase for the problem of multi-agent path finding (MAPF) in this paper. MAPF is a problem of navigating agents from their start positions to specified individual goal positions so that agents do not collide…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-07 Matouš Kulhan , Pavel Surynek

Avoiding collisions is the core problem in multi-agent navigation. In decentralized settings, when agents have limited communication and sensory capabilities, collisions are typically avoided in a reactive fashion, relying on local…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-07-02 Stepan Dergachev , Konstantin Yakovlev

Multi-Agent Pickup and Delivery (MAPD) is the problem of computing collision-free paths for a group of agents such that they can safely reach delivery locations from pickup ones. These locations are provided at runtime, making MAPD a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Giacomo Lodigiani , Nicola Basilico , Francesco Amigoni

In multi-agent path finding (MAPF) the task is to navigate agents from their starting positions to given individual goals. The problem takes place in an undirected graph whose vertices represent positions and edges define the topology.…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-07-31 Pavel Surynek , T. K. Satish Kumar , Sven Koenig

Deploying multi-robot systems in environments shared with dynamic and uncontrollable agents presents significant challenges, especially for large robot fleets. In such environments, individual robot operations can be delayed due to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Lukas Heuer , Yufei Zhu , Luigi Palmieri , Andrey Rudenko , Anna Mannucci , Sven Koenig , Martin Magnusson

The multi-agent path finding (MAPF) problem asks to find a set of paths on a graph such that when synchronously following these paths the agents never encounter a conflict. In the most widespread MAPF formulation, the so-called Classical…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Artem Agafonov , Konstantin Yakovlev

Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) finds conflict-free paths for multiple agents from their respective start to goal locations. MAPF is challenging as the joint configuration space grows exponentially with respect to the number of agents.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-01 Lakshay Virmani , Zhongqiang Ren , Sivakumar Rathinam , Howie Choset

Multi-agent path finding (MAPF) is an indispensable component of large-scale robot deployments in numerous domains ranging from airport management to warehouse automation. In particular, this work addresses lifelong MAPF (LMAPF) - an online…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-05 Mehul Damani , Zhiyao Luo , Emerson Wenzel , Guillaume Sartoretti

In this work we consider the multi-agent motion planning (MAMP) problem with the constraint that agents arrive at their respective goals at the same time. For the special case where all agents are initially at rest we propose a two-step…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-05 Anja Hellander , Daniel Axehill

The Mutliagent Path Finding (MAPF) problem consists of identifying the trajectories that a set of agents should follow inside a given network in order to reach their desired destinations as soon as possible, but without colliding with each…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Foivos Fioravantes , Dušan Knop , Jan Matyáš Křišťan , Nikolaos Melissinos , Michal Opler , Tung Anh Vu

Multi-agent pathfinding (MAPF) is a challenging problem which is hard to solve optimally even when simplifying assumptions are adopted, e.g. planar graphs (typically -- grids), discretized time, uniform duration of move and wait actions…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-08-26 Stepan Dergachev , Konstantin Yakovlev

This paper addresses a variant of multi-agent path finding (MAPF) in continuous space and time. We present a new solving approach based on satisfiability modulo theories (SMT) to obtain makespan optimal solutions. The standard MAPF is a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-03-26 Pavel Surynek

MAPF problem aims to find plans for multiple agents in an environment within a given time, such that the agents do not collide with each other or obstacles. Motivated by the execution and monitoring of these plans, we study Dynamic MAPF…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Aysu Bogatarkan , Esra Erdem