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Sustainability reports are key for evaluating companies' environmental, social and governance, ESG performance, but their content is increasingly obscured by greenwashing - sustainability claims that are misleading, exaggerated, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Keane Ong , Rui Mao , Deeksha Varshney , Erik Cambria , Gianmarco Mengaldo

Environmental, social and governance (ESG) engagement of companies moved into the focus of public attention over recent years. With the requirements of compulsory reporting being implemented and investors incorporating sustainability in…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2022-12-23 Tanja Aue , Adam Jatowt , Michael Färber

Large language models (LLMs) excel in question-answering (QA) tasks, and retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enhances their precision by incorporating external evidence from diverse sources like web pages, databases, and knowledge graphs.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Yikuan Xia , Jiazun Chen , Yirui Zhan , Suifeng Zhao , Weipeng Jiang , Chaorui Zhang , Wei Han , Bo Bai , Jun Gao

Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) considerations play a central role in contemporary financial decision-making. In parallel, Large Language Model (LLM) applications in this domain have primarily emphasized well-defined…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Gabriel Assis , Ayrton Surica , Pedro Kroll , Gabriela Aires , Darian Rabbani , Edson Bollis , Lucas Pellicer , Aline Paes

Improving large language models (LLMs) for electronic health record (EHR) reasoning is essential for enabling accurate and generalizable clinical predictions. While LLMs excel at medical text understanding, they underperform on EHR-based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Yue Fang , Yuxin Guo , Jiaran Gao , Hongxin Ding , Xinke Jiang , Weibin Liao , Yongxin Xu , Yinghao Zhu , Zhibang Yang , Liantao Ma , Junfeng Zhao , Yasha Wang

Businesses heavily rely on data sourced from various channels like news articles, financial reports, and consumer reviews to drive their operations, enabling informed decision-making and identifying opportunities. However, traditional…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Muhammad Arslan , Saba Munawar , Christophe Cruz

Large Language Models (LLMs) promise to automate data engineering on tabular data, offering enterprises a valuable opportunity to cut the high costs of manual data handling. But the enterprise domain comes with unique challenges that…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Jan-Micha Bodensohn , Ulf Brackmann , Liane Vogel , Anupam Sanghi , Carsten Binnig

Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) faces increasing environmental scrutiny, particularly concerning the energy consumption of the Proof of Work (PoW) consensus mechanism and broader Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) issues.…

We designed a machine learning algorithm that identifies patterns between ESG profiles and financial performances for companies in a large investment universe. The algorithm consists of regularly updated sets of rules that map regions into…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2020-04-07 Carmine de Franco , Christophe Geissler , Vincent Margot , Bruno Monnier

This work presents a custom approach to developing a domain specific knowledge assistant for sustainability reporting using the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). In this domain, there is no publicly available…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Maria-Flavia Lovin

Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) considerations are increasingly integral to assessing corporate performance, reputation, and long-term sustainability. Yet, reliable ESG ratings remain limited for smaller companies and emerging…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Paula Dodig , Boshko Koloski , Katarina Sitar Šuštar , Senja Pollak , Matthew Purver

As Large Language Models (LLMs) become integral to scientific workflows, concerns over the confidentiality and ethical handling of confidential data have emerged. This paper explores data exposure risks through LLM-powered scientific tools,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Yashothara Shanmugarasa , Shidong Pan , Ming Ding , Dehai Zhao , Thierry Rakotoarivelo

We study the use of large language models (LLMs) to both evaluate and greenwash corporate climate disclosures. First, we investigate the use of the LLM-as-a-Judge (LLMJ) methodology for scoring company-submitted reports on emissions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Marianne Chuang , Gabriel Chuang , Cheryl Chuang , John Chuang

In an era where digital text is proliferating at an unprecedented rate, efficient summarization tools are becoming indispensable. While Large Language Models (LLMs) have been successfully applied in various NLP tasks, their role in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Léo Hemamou , Mehdi Debiane

This study investigates the effectiveness of Large Language Models (LLMs) in interpreting existing literature through a systematic review of the relationship between Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) factors and financial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Aaditya Shah , Shridhar Mehendale , Siddha Kanthi

Enterprise Knowledge Graphs have become essential for unifying heterogeneous data and enforcing semantic governance. However, the construction of their underlying ontologies remains a resource-intensive, manual process that relies heavily…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Abdulsobur Oyewale , Tommaso Soru

Autonomous agents operating on the graphical user interfaces (GUIs) of various applications hold immense practical value. Unlike the large language model (LLM)-based methods which rely on structured texts and customized backends, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Xuetian Chen , Hangcheng Li , Jiaqing Liang , Sihang Jiang , Deqing Yang

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive performance on general-purpose tasks, yet adapting them to specific domains remains challenging due to the scarcity of high-quality domain data. Existing data synthesis tools often struggle…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Ziyang Miao , Qiyu Sun , Jingyuan Wang , Yuchen Gong , Yaowei Zheng , Shiqi Li , Richong Zhang

This paper presents our participation in the FinNLP-2023 shared task on multi-lingual environmental, social, and corporate governance issue identification (ML-ESG). The task's objective is to classify news articles based on the 35 ESG key…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Hanwool Lee , Jonghyun Choi , Sohyeon Kwon , Sungbum Jung

The advancement of large language models (LLMs) has led to a greater challenge of having a rigorous and systematic evaluation of complex tasks performed, especially in enterprise applications. Therefore, LLMs need to be able to benchmark…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Bing Zhang , Mikio Takeuchi , Ryo Kawahara , Shubhi Asthana , Md. Maruf Hossain , Guang-Jie Ren , Kate Soule , Yada Zhu