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Related papers: ToolOrchestra: Elevating Intelligence via Efficien…

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Prior work synthesizes tool-use LLM datasets by first generating a user query, followed by complex tool-use annotations like depth-first search (DFS). This leads to inevitable annotation failures and low efficiency in data generation. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Zhongyi Zhou , Kohei Uehara , Haoyu Zhang , Jingtao Zhou , Lin Gu , Ruofei Du , Zheng Xu , Tatsuya Harada

Large language model (LLM) multi-agent systems typically rely on rigid orchestration, committing either to flat per-query routing or to hand-engineered task decomposition, so decomposition depth, worker choice, and inference budget are not…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Zhiqing Cui , Haotong Xie , Jiahao Yuan , Cheng Yang , Hanqing Wang , Yuxin Wu , Yifan Wu , Siru Zhong , Tao Yu , Yifu Guo , Siyu Zhang , Xinlei Yu , Qibing Ren , Usman Naseem

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in language understanding and reasoning, yet they remain limited when tackling real-world tasks that require up-to-date knowledge, precise operations, or specialized tool…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Yabo Zhang , Yihan Zeng , Qingyun Li , Zhen Hu , Kavin Han , Wangmeng Zuo

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable reasoning capabilities via large-scale reinforcement learning (RL). However, leveraging the RL algorithm to empower effective multi-tool collaborative reasoning in LLMs remains an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Guanting Dong , Yifei Chen , Xiaoxi Li , Jiajie Jin , Hongjin Qian , Yutao Zhu , Hangyu Mao , Guorui Zhou , Zhicheng Dou , Ji-Rong Wen

Modern LLM reasoning relies on extensive test-time computation, driven by internal model training and external agentic orchestration. However, this synergy is often inefficient, as model verbosity and poor instruction following lead to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Yuanxin Wang , Pawel Filipczuk , Anisha Garg , Amaan Dhada , Mohammad Hassanpour , David Bick , Ganesh Venkatesh

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a prevalent paradigm for training tool calling agents, which typically requires online interactive environments. Existing approaches either rely on training data with ground truth annotations or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Chenming Tang , Hsiu-Yuan Huang , Weijie Liu , Junqiang Zheng , Saiyong Yang , Yunfang Wu

Mathematical reasoning is a cornerstone of artificial general intelligence and a primary benchmark for evaluating the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). While state-of-the-art models show promise, they often falter when faced…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Yifan Hao , Fangning Chao , Yaqian Hao , Zhaojun Cui , Huan Bai , Haiyu Zhang , Yankai Liu , Chao Deng , Junlan Feng

Recent advancements in function calling and tool use have significantly enhanced the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) by enabling them to interact with external information sources and execute complex tasks. However, the limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Suhong Moon , Siddharth Jha , Lutfi Eren Erdogan , Sehoon Kim , Woosang Lim , Kurt Keutzer , Amir Gholami

Tool-Integrated Reasoning (TIR) enables large language models (LLMs) to improve their internal reasoning ability by integrating external tools. However, models employing TIR often display suboptimal behaviors, such as insufficient or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Yifei Chen , Guanting Dong , Zhicheng Dou

Current AI alignment methodologies rely on human-provided demonstrations or judgments, and the learned capabilities of AI systems would be upper-bounded by human capabilities as a result. This raises a challenging research question: How can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Zhiqing Sun , Longhui Yu , Yikang Shen , Weiyang Liu , Yiming Yang , Sean Welleck , Chuang Gan

Tool-calling is essential for Large Language Model (LLM) agents to complete real-world tasks. While most existing benchmarks assume simple, perfectly documented tools, real-world tools (e.g., general "search" APIs) are often opaque, lacking…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Skyler Hallinan , Thejas Venkatesh , Xiang Ren , Sai Praneeth Karimireddy , Ashwin Paranjape , Yuhao Zhang , Jack Hessel

Multi-agent systems (MAS) demonstrate clear advantages in tackling complex problems by coordinating diverse agents and external tools. However, most existing orchestration methods rely on static workflows or serial agent scheduling, and are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Wenzhen Yuan , Wutao Xiong , Fanchen Yu , Shengji Tang , Ting Liu , Tao Chen , Peng Ye , Yuzhuo Fu , Wanli Ouyang , Lei Bai

Ensemble methods can deliver surprising performance gains but also bring significantly higher computational costs, e.g., can be up to 2048X in large-scale ensemble tasks. However, we found that the majority of computations in ensemble…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Ziyue Li , Kan Ren , Yifan Yang , Xinyang Jiang , Yuqing Yang , Dongsheng Li

Large language model (LLM) agents rely on external tools to solve complex tasks, but real-world toolsets often contain redundant tools with overlapping names and descriptions, introducing ambiguity and reducing selection accuracy. LLMs also…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Marianne Menglin Liu , Daniel Garcia , Fjona Parllaku , Vikas Upadhyay , Syed Fahad Allam Shah , Dan Roth

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to automate feature engineering in tabular learning. Given task-specific information, LLMs can propose diverse feature transformation operations to enhance downstream model performance.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Zhuoyan Li , Aditya Bansal , Jinzhao Li , Shishuang He , Zhuoran Lu , Mutian Zhang , Qin Liu , Yiwei Yang , Swati Jain , Ming Yin , Yunyao Li

The rapid advancements of AI agents have ignited the long-held ambition of leveraging them to accelerate scientific discovery. Achieving this goal requires a deep understanding of the frontiers of human knowledge. As such, Humanity's Last…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Jingyi Chai , Shuo Tang , Rui Ye , Yuwen Du , Xinyu Zhu , Mengcheng Zhou , Yanfeng Wang , Weinan E , Yuzhi Zhang , Linfeng Zhang , Siheng Chen

Synthesizing unstructured research materials into manuscripts is an essential yet under-explored challenge in AI-driven scientific discovery. Existing autonomous writers are rigidly coupled to specific experimental pipelines, and produce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Yiwen Song , Yale Song , Tomas Pfister , Jinsung Yoon

Recent advances in agentic harness with orchestration frameworks that coordinate multiple agents with memory, skills, and tool use have achieved remarkable success in complex reasoning tasks. However, the underlying mechanism that truly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Jianing Wang , Linsen Guo , Zhengyu Chen , Qi Guo , Hongyu Zang , Wenjie Shi , Haoxiang Ma , Xiangyu Xi , Xiaoyu Li , Wei Wang , Xunliang Cai

Large language models excel at short-horizon reasoning tasks, but performance drops as reasoning horizon lengths increase. Existing approaches to combat this rely on inference-time scaffolding or costly step-level supervision, neither of…

Recent advancements in large multimodal models (LMMs) have shown strong capabilities in audio understanding. However, most systems rely solely on end-to-end reasoning, limiting interpretability and accuracy for tasks that require structured…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Kuan-Yi Lee , Tsung-En Lin , Hung-Yi Lee