Related papers: Common Knowledge, Sailboats, and Publicity
Within Reinforcement Learning, there is a growing collection of research which aims to express all of an agent's knowledge of the world through predictions about sensation, behaviour, and time. This work can be seen not only as a collection…
Understanding commonsense causality is a unique mark of intelligence for humans. It helps people understand the principles of the real world better and benefits the decision-making process related to causation. For instance, commonsense…
Language technologies that accurately model the dynamics of events must perform commonsense reasoning. Existing work evaluating commonsense reasoning focuses on making inferences about common, everyday situations. To instead investigate the…
Knowing whether a proposition is true means knowing that it is true or knowing that it is false. In this paper, we study logics with a modal operator Kw for knowing whether but without a modal operator K for knowing that. This logic is not…
Hardin introduced the notorious concept of "tragedy of the commons". Worrying about the consequences of human overpopulation on the planet, he discussed "hard problems": problems with no technical solutions, that can only be addressed by…
We demonstrate that framing, a subjective aspect of news, is a causal precursor to both significant public perception changes, and to federal legislation. We posit, counter-intuitively, that topic news volume and mean article similarity…
A knowledge system S describing a part of real world does in general not contain complete information. Reasoning with incomplete information is prone to errors since any belief derived from S may be false in the present state of the world.…
We study situations where a group of voters need to take a collective decision over a number of public issues, with the goal of getting a result that reflects the voters' opinions in a proportional manner. Our focus is on interconnected…
Most existing work on strategic reasoning simply adopts either an informed or an uninformed semantics. We propose a model where knowledge of strategies can be specified on a fine-grained level. In particular, it is possible to distinguish…
Commonsense knowledge is essential for advancing natural language processing (NLP) by enabling models to engage in human-like reasoning, which requires a deeper understanding of context and often involves making inferences based on implicit…
Although the amount of knowledge that the humans possess has been gradually increasing, we still do not know the procedure and conditions that lead to the creation of new knowledge. An understanding of the modus operandi for the creation of…
We propose a simple model to explore an educational phenomenon where the correct answer emerges from group discussion. We construct our model based on several plausible assumptions: (i) We tend to follow peers' opinions. However, if a…
In the past few years, data informativity with prior knowledge has attracted increasing attention. This line of research aims to characterize a dataset on a dynamical system that enables system analysis or design only by the dataset and…
The constantly growing body of scholarly knowledge of science, technology, and humanities is an asset of the mankind. While new discoveries expand the existing knowledge, they may simultaneously render some of it obsolete. It is crucial for…
Conceptualization, or viewing entities and situations as instances of abstract concepts in mind and making inferences based on that, is a vital component in human intelligence for commonsense reasoning. Despite recent progress in artificial…
After surveying classical results, we introduce a generalized notion of inference system to support structural recursion on non-well-founded data types. Besides axioms and inference rules with the usual meaning, a generalized inference…
We examine epistemological threats posed by human and LLM interaction. We develop collective epistemology as a theory of epistemic warrant distributed across human collectives, using bounded rationality and dual process theory as…
Scientific education and divulgation not only amplify people's vocabulary and repertory of scientific concepts but, at the same time, promote the diffusion of certain conceptual and cognitive metaphors. Here we make some hypothesis about…
We study a sequential social learning model in which there is uncertainty about the informativeness of a common signal-generating process. Rational agents arrive in order and make decisions based on the past actions of others and their…
Theoretically as well as experimentally it is investigated how people represent their knowledge in order to make decisions or to share their knowledge with others. Experiment 1 probes into the ways how people 6ather information about the…