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Related papers: Common Knowledge, Sailboats, and Publicity

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Recently, the community has achieved substantial progress on many commonsense reasoning benchmarks. However, it is still unclear what is learned from the training process: the knowledge, inference capability, or both? We argue that due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Hongming Zhang , Yintong Huo , Yanai Elazar , Yangqiu Song , Yoav Goldberg , Dan Roth

Every day, we judge the probability of propositions. When we communicate graded confidence (e.g. "I am 90% sure"), we enable others to gauge how much weight to attach to our judgment. Ideally, people should share their judgments to reach…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-01-10 Patrick Stinson , Jasper van den Bosch , Trenton Jerde , Nikolaus Kriegeskorte

We present a novel dataset for physical and abstract plausibility of events in English. Based on naturally occurring sentences extracted from Wikipedia, we infiltrate degrees of abstractness, and automatically generate perturbed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-08 Annerose Eichel , Sabine Schulte im Walde

The combination of argumentation and probability paves the way to new accounts of qualitative and quantitative uncertainty, thereby offering new theoretical and applicative opportunities. Due to a variety of interests, probabilistic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-03-12 Regis Riveret , Pietro Baroni , Yang Gao , Guido Governatori , Antonino Rotolo , Giovanni Sartor

Established frameworks to understand problems with reproducibility in science begin with the relationship between our understanding of the prior probability of a claim and the statistical certainty that should be demanded of it, and explore…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2022-05-30 Maria Chikina , Wesley Pegden

We formalise the notion of an anonymous public announcement in the tradition of public announcement logic. Such announcements can be seen as in-between a public announcement from ``the outside" (an announcement of $\phi$) and a public…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Thomas Ågotnes , Rustam Galimullin , Ken Satoh , Satoshi Tojo

When various observers obtain information in an independent fashion about a classical system, there is a simple rule which allows them to pool their knowledge, and this requires only the states-of-knowledge of the respective observers. Here…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Kurt Jacobs

Systematized subject classification is essential for funding and assessing scientific projects. Conventionally, classification schemes are founded on the empirical knowledge of the group of experts; thus, the experts' perspectives have…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-07-03 Jisung Yoon , Jinhyuk Yun , Woo-Sung Jung

Common knowledge of intentions is crucial to basic social tasks ranging from cooperative hunting to oligopoly collusion, riots, revolutions, and the evolution of social norms and human culture. Yet little is known about how common knowledge…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-07-31 Torrin M. Liddell , Simon DeDeo

We present a novel methodology for identifying public knowledge and eliminating the biases it creates when aggregating information in small group settings. A two stage mechanism consisting of an information market and a coordination game is…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Kay-Yut Chen , Leslie R. Fine , Bernardo A. Huberman

Public libraries play a crucial role in disseminating knowledge to society. However, most of their users do not have the specialized knowledge to understand the new research findings. Providing plain language summaries (PLSs) in public…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Behrooz Rasuli

We study distributed knowledge, which is what privately informed agents come to know by communicating freely with one another and sharing everything they know. Knowledge is not necessarily partitional: agents may be boundedly rational and…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-05-13 Michele Crescenzi

The term Language Models (LMs) as a time-specific collection of models of interest is constantly reinvented, with its referents updated much like the $\textit{Ship of Theseus}$ replaces its parts but remains the same ship in essence. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Shengqi Zhu , Jeffrey M. Rzeszotarski

An increasing number of scientific experiments support the view of perception as Bayesian inference, which is rooted in Helmholtz's view of perception as unconscious inference. Recent study of logic presents a view of logical reasoning as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Hiroyuki Kido

The issue of how to make embodied agents explainable has experienced a surge of interest over the last three years, and, there are many terms that refer to this concept, e.g., transparency or legibility. One reason for this high variance in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-02-19 Sebastian Wallkotter , Silvia Tulli , Ginevra Castellano , Ana Paiva , Mohamed Chetouani

One purpose -- quite a few thinkers would say the main purpose -- of seeking knowledge about the world is to enhance our ability to make good decisions. An item of knowledge that can make no conceivable difference with regard to anything we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-12 Henry E. Kyburg

While artificial intelligence has the potential to process vast amounts of data, generate new insights, and unlock greater productivity, its widespread adoption may entail unforeseen consequences. We identify conditions under which AI, by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Andrew J. Peterson

The principle of the common cause claims that if an improbable coincidence has occurred, there must exist a common cause. This is generally taken to mean that positive correlations between non-causally related events should disappear when…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2017-03-20 Claudio Mazzola

Recent years have witnessed an increasing interest in training machines with reasoning ability, which deeply relies on accurately and clearly presented clue forms. The clues are usually modeled as entity-aware knowledge in existing studies.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Siru Ouyang , Zhuosheng Zhang , Hai Zhao

Most of the existing work that focus on the identification of implicit knowledge in arguments generally represent implicit knowledge in the form of commonsense or factual knowledge. However, such knowledge is not sufficient to understand…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Keshav Singh , Naoya Inoue , Farjana Sultana Mim , Shoichi Naitoh , Kentaro Inui