English
Related papers

Related papers: Can Finetuing LLMs on Small Human Samples Increase…

200 papers

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used in decision-making scenarios that involve risk assessment, yet their alignment with human economic rationality remains unclear. In this study, we investigate whether LLMs exhibit risk…

General Economics · Economics 2025-09-16 Jiaxin Liu , Yixuan Tang , Yi Yang , Kar Yan Tam

The emergent capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have prompted interest in using them as surrogates for human subjects in opinion surveys. However, prior evaluations of LLM-based opinion simulation have relied heavily on costly,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Terrence Neumann , Maria De-Arteaga , Sina Fazelpour

Objective: Large language models (LLMs) are attracting increasing interest in healthcare. This commentary evaluates the potential of LLMs to improve clinical prediction models (CPMs) for diagnostic and prognostic tasks, with a focus on…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Yusuf Yildiz , Goran Nenadic , Meghna Jani , David A. Jenkins

Prior research diverges on language diversity in LLM fine-tuning: Some studies report benefits while others find no advantages. Through controlled fine-tuning experiments across 132 translation directions, we systematically resolve these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-22 David Stap , Christof Monz

The development of highly fluent large language models (LLMs) has prompted increased interest in assessing their reasoning and problem-solving capabilities. We investigate whether several LLMs can solve a classic type of deductive reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Spencer M. Seals , Valerie L. Shalin

Recent work has sought to quantify large language model uncertainty to facilitate model control and modulate user trust. Previous works focus on measures of uncertainty that are theoretically grounded or reflect the average overt behavior…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Kyle Moore , Jesse Roberts , Daryl Watson , Pamela Wisniewski

This study aims to guide language model selection by investigating: 1) the necessity of finetuning versus zero-shot usage, 2) the benefits of domain-adjacent versus generic pretrained models, 3) the value of further domain-specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Lovedeep Gondara , Jonathan Simkin , Graham Sayle , Shebnum Devji , Gregory Arbour , Raymond Ng

Large language models (LLMs) have shown tremendous success in following user instructions and generating helpful responses. Nevertheless, their robustness is still far from optimal, as they may generate significantly inconsistent responses…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Yukun Zhao , Lingyong Yan , Weiwei Sun , Guoliang Xing , Shuaiqiang Wang , Chong Meng , Zhicong Cheng , Zhaochun Ren , Dawei Yin

Large language models (LLMs) have been found to produce hallucinations when the question exceeds their internal knowledge boundaries. A reliable model should have a clear perception of its knowledge boundaries, providing correct answers…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Shiyu Ni , Keping Bi , Lulu Yu , Jiafeng Guo

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made substantial progress in the past several months, shattering state-of-the-art benchmarks in many domains. This paper investigates LLMs' behavior with respect to gender stereotypes, a known issue for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Hadas Kotek , Rikker Dockum , David Q. Sun

Large Language Models (LLMs) are distinguished by their architecture, which dictates their parameter size and performance capabilities. Social scientists have increasingly adopted LLMs for text classification tasks, which are difficult to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Marcello Carammia , Stefano Maria Iacus , Giuseppe Porro

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used to generate and edit scientific abstracts, yet their integration into academic writing raises questions about trust, quality, and disclosure. Despite growing adoption, little is known about…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Nil-Jana Akpinar , Sandeep Avula , CJ Lee , Brandon Dang , Kaza Razat , Vanessa Murdock

Large Language Model (LLM) agents have been increasingly adopted as simulation tools to model humans in social science and role-playing applications. However, one fundamental question remains: can LLM agents really simulate human behavior?…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Chengxing Xie , Canyu Chen , Feiran Jia , Ziyu Ye , Shiyang Lai , Kai Shu , Jindong Gu , Adel Bibi , Ziniu Hu , David Jurgens , James Evans , Philip Torr , Bernard Ghanem , Guohao Li

LLM alignment ensures that large language models behave safely and effectively by aligning their outputs with human values, goals, and intentions. Aligning LLMs employ huge amounts of data, computation, and time. Moreover, curating data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Amrit Khera , Rajat Ghosh , Debojyoti Dutta

Despite demonstrating impressive capabilities, Large Language Models (LLMs) still often struggle to accurately express the factual knowledge they possess, especially in cases where the LLMs' knowledge boundaries are ambiguous. To improve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Boyang Xue , Fei Mi , Qi Zhu , Hongru Wang , Rui Wang , Sheng Wang , Erxin Yu , Xuming Hu , Kam-Fai Wong

Financial sentiment analysis plays a crucial role in uncovering latent patterns and detecting emerging trends, enabling individuals to make well-informed decisions that may yield substantial advantages within the constantly changing realm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Sorouralsadat Fatemi , Yuheng Hu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown strong performance across many tasks, but their ability to capture culturally diverse moral values remains unclear. In this paper, we examine whether LLMs mirror variations in moral attitudes reported…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Hadi Mohammadi , Ayoub Bagheri

This paper presents a method to analyze the inference patterns used by Large Language Models (LLMs) for judgment in a case study on legal LLMs, so as to identify potential incorrect representations of the LLM, according to human domain…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Lu Chen , Yuxuan Huang , Yixing Li , Dongrui Liu , Qihan Ren , Shuai Zhao , Kun Kuang , Zilong Zheng , Quanshi Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to predict human behavior. We propose a measure for evaluating how much knowledge a pretrained LLM brings to such a prediction: its equivalent sample size, defined as the amount of…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-01-21 Wayne Gao , Sukjin Han , Annie Liang

Metacognition--the capacity to monitor and evaluate one's own knowledge and performance--is foundational to human decision-making, learning, and communication. As large language models (LLMs) become increasingly embedded in both high-stakes…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Mark Steyvers , Megan A. K. Peters
‹ Prev 1 8 9 10 Next ›