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Related papers: Self-Guided Defense: Adaptive Safety Alignment for…

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Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) pose critical safety challenges, as they are susceptible not only to adversarial attacks such as jailbreaking but also to inadvertently generating harmful content for benign users. While internal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Ming Wen , Kun Yang , Xin Chen , Jingyu Zhang , Dingding Han , Shiwen Cui , Yuedong Xu

We introduce Synthetic Alignment data Generation for Safety Evaluation and Red Teaming (SAGE-RT or SAGE) a novel pipeline for generating synthetic alignment and red-teaming data. Existing methods fall short in creating nuanced and diverse…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Anurakt Kumar , Divyanshu Kumar , Jatan Loya , Nitin Aravind Birur , Tanay Baswa , Sahil Agarwal , Prashanth Harshangi

Gradient optimization-based adversarial attack methods automate the learning of adversarial triggers to generate jailbreak prompts or leak system prompts. In this work, we take a closer look at the optimization objective of adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Zhe Wang , Yanjun Qi

We introduce \emph{self-jailbreaking}, a threat model in which an aligned LLM guides its own compromise. Unlike most jailbreak techniques, which often rely on handcrafted prompts or separate attacker models, self-jailbreaking requires no…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Devang Kulshreshtha , Hang Su , Haibo Jin , Chinmay Hegde , Haohan Wang

Unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) has achieved unprecedented success in improving the cross-domain robustness of object detection models. However, existing UDA methods largely ignore the instantaneous data distribution during model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-24 Zongxian Li , Qixiang Ye , Chong Zhang , Jingjing Liu , Shijian Lu , Yonghong Tian

High-fidelity generative models are increasingly needed in privacy-sensitive scenarios, where access to data is severely restricted due to regulatory and copyright constraints. This scarcity hampers model development--ironically, in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Xuemei Jia , Jiawei Du , Hui Wei , Jun Chen , Joey Tianyi Zhou , Zheng Wang

Safety alignment is indispensable for Large Language Models (LLMs) to defend threats from malicious instructions. However, recent researches reveal safety-aligned LLMs prone to reject benign queries due to the exaggerated safety issue,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Zouying Cao , Yifei Yang , Hai Zhao

Guardian models play a crucial role in ensuring the safety and ethical behavior of user-facing AI applications by enforcing guardrails and detecting harmful content. While standard guardian models are limited to predefined, static harm…

Adversarial prompts generated using gradient-based methods exhibit outstanding performance in performing automatic jailbreak attacks against safety-aligned LLMs. Nevertheless, due to the discrete nature of texts, the input gradient of LLMs…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Qizhang Li , Yiwen Guo , Wangmeng Zuo , Hao Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in complex reasoning tasks. However, they remain highly susceptible to jailbreak attacks that undermine their safety alignment. Existing defense mechanisms typically…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Yu Pan , Wenlong Yu , Tiejun Wu , Xiaohu Ye , Qiannan Si , Guangquan Xu , Bin Wu

LLMs have shown impressive capabilities across various natural language processing tasks, yet remain vulnerable to input prompts, known as jailbreak attacks, carefully designed to bypass safety guardrails and elicit harmful responses.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Advik Raj Basani , Xiao Zhang

State-of-the-art text-to-image models produce visually impressive results but often struggle with precise alignment to text prompts, leading to missing critical elements or unintended blending of distinct concepts. We propose a novel…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Paul Grimal , Michaël Soumm , Hervé Le Borgne , Olivier Ferret , Akihiro Sugimoto

The computational burden of attention in long-context language models has motivated two largely independent lines of work: sparse attention mechanisms that reduce complexity by attending to selected tokens, and gated attention variants that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Alfred Shen , Aaron Shen

The safety of large language models (LLMs) has increasingly emerged as a fundamental aspect of their development. Existing safety alignment for LLMs is predominantly achieved through post-training methods, which are computationally…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Sicheng Shen , Mingyang Lv , Han Shen , Jialin Wu , Binghao Wang , Zhou Yang , Guobin Shen , Dongcheng Zhao , Feifei Zhao , Yi Zeng

Large Language Models (LLMs) remain vulnerable to adaptive jailbreaks that easily bypass empirical defenses like GCG. We propose a framework for certifiable robustness that shifts safety guarantees from single-pass inference to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Zehua Cheng , Jianwei Yang , Wei Dai , Jiahao Sun

With the wide application of deep neural network models in various computer vision tasks, there has been a proliferation of adversarial example generation strategies aimed at deeply exploring model security. However, existing adversarial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Wenxuan Wang , Chenglei Wang , Huihui Qi , Menghao Ye , Xuelin Qian , Peng Wang , Yanning Zhang

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in reasoning-intensive tasks, but they remain vulnerable to harmful content generation, particularly in the mid-to-late steps of their reasoning processes. Current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Yuquan Wang , Mi Zhang , Yining Wang , Geng Hong , Mi Wen , Xiaoyu You , Min Yang

While reasoning models have achieved remarkable success in complex reasoning tasks, their increasing power necessitates stringent safety measures. For safety alignment, the core challenge lies in the inherent trade-off between safety and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Yanbo Wang , Minzheng Wang , Jian Liang , Lu Wang , Yongcan Yu , Ran He

We show that even the most recent safety-aligned LLMs are not robust to simple adaptive jailbreaking attacks. First, we demonstrate how to successfully leverage access to logprobs for jailbreaking: we initially design an adversarial prompt…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Maksym Andriushchenko , Francesco Croce , Nicolas Flammarion

Large language models (LLMs) have made significant advancements across various tasks, but their safety alignment remain a major concern. Exploring jailbreak prompts can expose LLMs' vulnerabilities and guide efforts to secure them. Existing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Xiaoning Dong , Wenbo Hu , Wei Xu , Tianxing He