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In single-cell research, tracing and analyzing high-throughput single-cell differentiation trajectories is crucial for understanding biological processes. Key to this is the robust modeling of hierarchical structures that govern cellular…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Zelin Zang , WenZhe Li , Yongjie Xu , Chang Yu , Changxi Chi , Jingbo Zhou , Zhen Lei , Stan Z. Li

Deep learning algorithms excel at extracting patterns from raw data, and with large datasets, they have been very successful in computer vision and natural language applications. However, in other domains, large datasets on which to learn…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-17 Garrett B. Goh , Khushmeen Sakloth , Charles Siegel , Abhinav Vishnu , Jim Pfaendtner

Multimodal learning seeks to integrate information from heterogeneous sources, where signals may be shared across modalities, specific to individual modalities, or emerge only through their interaction. While self-supervised multimodal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Carolin Cissee , Raneen Younis , Zahra Ahmadi

Representation learning has driven major advances in natural image analysis by enabling models to acquire high-level semantic features. In microscopy imaging, however, it remains unclear what current representation learning methods actually…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Ivan Svatko , Maxime Sanchez , Ihab Bendidi , Gilles Cottrell , Auguste Genovesio

Molecular representation learning plays a crucial role in various downstream tasks, such as molecular property prediction and drug design. To accurately represent molecules, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) and Graph Transformers (GTs) have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Jingjing Hu , Dan Guo , Zhan Si , Deguang Liu , Yunfeng Diao , Jing Zhang , Jinxing Zhou , Meng Wang

Virtual cell (VC) models aim to predict cellular responses to any perturbations in silico and have emerged as a promising approach for drug discovery and precision medicine. Yet, a clear gap still remains: while models routinely reported…

Cell Behavior · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-01 Xinjie Mao , Songming Zhang , Qianhong Wen , Xiangyu Wen , Kedu Jin , Hao Wu , Shuizhou Chen , Yuqiang Li , Lei Bai , Qi Liu , Ning Ding , Siqi Sun , Zhangyang Gao

We present a hierarchical neural message passing architecture for learning on molecular graphs. Our model takes in two complementary graph representations: the raw molecular graph representation and its associated junction tree, where nodes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Matthias Fey , Jan-Gin Yuen , Frank Weichert

Accurate and robust drug response prediction is of utmost importance in precision medicine. Although many models have been developed to utilize the representations of drugs and cancer cell lines for predicting cancer drug responses (CDR),…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-11-22 Xiaoqiong Xia , Chaoyu Zhu , Yuqi Shan , Fan Zhong , Lei Liu

Molecule-and-text cross-modal representation learning has emerged as a promising direction for enhancing the quality of molecular representation, thereby improving performance in various scientific fields. However, most approaches employ a…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-03-04 Yikun Zhang , Geyan Ye , Chaohao Yuan , Bo Han , Long-Kai Huang , Jianhua Yao , Wei Liu , Yu Rong

Protein representation learning is critical for numerous biological tasks. Recently, large transformer-based protein language models (pLMs) pretrained on large scale protein sequences have demonstrated significant success in sequence-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Xuefeng Liu , Songhao Jiang , Chih-chan Tien , Jinbo Xu , Rick Stevens

Molecule representation learning is crucial for understanding and predicting molecular properties. However, conventional atom-centric models, which treat chemical bonds merely as pairwise interactions, often overlook complex bond-level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yunqing Liu , Yi Zhou , Wenqi Fan

The discovery of effective molecular modulators is essential for advancing perovskite solar cells (PSCs), but the research process is hindered by the vastness of chemical space and the time-consuming and expensive trial-and-error…

Molecular knowledge resides within three different modalities of information sources: molecular structures, biomedical documents, and knowledge bases. Effective incorporation of molecular knowledge from these modalities holds paramount…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-07-24 Yizhen Luo , Kai Yang , Massimo Hong , Xing Yi Liu , Zaiqing Nie

The successor representation (SR) provides a powerful framework for decoupling predictive dynamics from rewards, enabling rapid generalisation across reward configurations. However, the classical SR is limited by its inherent policy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Changmin Yu , Máté Lengyel

Paired single-cell sequencing technologies enable the simultaneous measurement of complementary modalities of molecular data at single-cell resolution. Along with the advances in these technologies, many methods based on variational…

Biological organisms must learn how to control their own bodies to achieve deliberate locomotion, that is, predict their next body position based on their current position and selected action. Such learning is goal-agnostic with respect to…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Nathan McDonald

Experimental validation of chemical processes is slow and costly, limiting exploration in materials discovery. Machine learning can prioritize promising candidates, but existing data in patents and literature is heterogeneous and difficult…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-12-09 Mikhail Tsitsvero , Atsuyuki Nakao , Hisaki Ikebata

Abstract Meaning Representation (AMR) parsing aims to translate sentences to semantic representation with a hierarchical structure, and is recently empowered by pretrained sequence-to-sequence models. However, there exists a gap between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-27 Peiyi Wang , Liang Chen , Tianyu Liu , Damai Dai , Yunbo Cao , Baobao Chang , Zhifang Sui

Effective generalization in robotic manipulation requires representations that capture invariant patterns of interaction across environments and tasks. We present a self-supervised framework for learning hierarchical manipulation concepts…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Ruizhe Liu , Pei Zhou , Qian Luo , Li Sun , Jun Cen , Yibing Song , Yanchao Yang

Designing de novo 3D molecules with desirable properties remains a fundamental challenge in drug discovery and molecular engineering. While diffusion models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in generating high-quality 3D molecular…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Lianghong Chen , Dongkyu Eugene Kim , Mike Domaratzki , Pingzhao Hu