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This work proposes a competitive scheduling approach, designed to scale to large heterogeneous multicore systems. This scheduler overcomes the challenges of (1) the high computation overhead of near-optimal schedulers, and (2) the error…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-09-03 Andreas Prodromou , Ashish Venkat , Dean M. Tullsen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have improved programming efficiency, but their performance degrades significantly as requirements scale; when faced with multi-modal documents containing hundreds of scenarios, LLMs often produce incorrect…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Weiyu Kong , Yun Lin , Xiwen Teoh , Duc-Minh Nguyen , Ruofei Ren , Jiaxin Chang , Haoxu Hu , Haoyu Chen

The remarkable capabilities of Large Language Model (LLM)-driven agents have enabled sophisticated systems to tackle complex, multi-step tasks, but their escalating costs threaten scalability and accessibility. This work presents the first…

Reinforcement learning (RL) is increasingly used to improve the reasoning, coding, and tool-use capabilities of large language models, but agentic RL remains prohibitively expensive. Scaling RL to agentic LLMs requires supporting complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Haizhong Zheng , Yizhuo Di , Jiahui Wang , Shuowei Jin , Xueshen Liu , Yongji Wu , Z. Morley Mao , Ion Stoica , Jiawei Zhao , Beidi Chen

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances large language model (LLM) generation quality by incorporating relevant external knowledge. However, deploying RAG on consumer-grade platforms is challenging due to limited memory and the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Weiping Yu , Ningyi Liao , Siqiang Luo , Junfeng Liu

Agentic AI enables LLM to dynamically reason, plan, and interact with tools to solve complex tasks. However, agentic workflows often require many iterative reasoning steps and tool invocations, leading to significant operational expense,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Sami Abuzakuk , Anne-Marie Kermarrec , Rishi Sharma , Rasmus Moorits Veski , Martijn de Vos

Multi-agent applications utilize the advanced capabilities of large language models (LLMs) for intricate task completion through agent collaboration in a workflow. Under this situation, requests from different agents usually access the same…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Jinyuan Chen , Jiuchen Shi , Quan Chen , Minyi Guo

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems are usually defined by the combination of a generator and a retrieval component that extracts textual context from a knowledge base to answer user queries. However, such basic implementations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Pietro Ferrazzi , Milica Cvjeticanin , Alessio Piraccini , Davide Giannuzzi

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable potential in solving complex tasks across diverse domains, typically by employing agentic workflows that follow detailed instructions and operational sequences. However, constructing…

Large-language-model (LLM)-based AI agents have recently showcased impressive versatility by employing dynamic reasoning, an adaptive, multi-step process that coordinates with external tools. This shift from static, single-turn inference to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Jiin Kim , Byeongjun Shin , Jinha Chung , Minsoo Rhu

Optimizing LLM-based agentic workflows is challenging for scaling AI capabilities. Current methods rely on coarse, end-to-end evaluation signals and lack fine-grained signals on where to refine, often resulting in inefficient or low-impact…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Zihan Ma , Zhikai Zhao , Chuanbo Hua , Federico Berto , Jinkyoo Park

Large language models hold considerable promise for various applications, but their computational requirements create a barrier that many institutions cannot overcome. A single session using a 70-billion-parameter model can cost around $127…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Zuhair Ahmed Khan Taha , Mohammed Mudassir Uddin , Shahnawaz Alam

Current serverless platforms struggle to optimize resource utilization due to their dynamic and fine-grained nature. Conventional techniques like overcommitment and autoscaling fall short, often sacrificing utilization for practicability or…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-03-04 Qingyuan Liu , Yanning Yang , Dong Du , Yubin Xia , Ping Zhang , Jia Feng , James Larus , Haibo Chen

In High Performance Computing (HPC) infrastructures, the control of resources by batch systems can lead to prolonged queue waiting times and adverse effects on the overall execution times of applications, particularly in data-intensive and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Abel Souza , Kristiaan Pelckmans , Devarshi Ghoshal , Lavanya Ramakrishnan , Johan Tordsson

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enables large language models (LLMs) to access external knowledge sources, but the effectiveness of RAG relies on the coordination between the retriever and the generator. Since these components are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Junlin Wang , Zehao Wu , Shaowei Lu , Yanlan Li , Xinghao Huang

The surge in generative AI workloads has created a need for scalable inference systems that can flexibly harness both GPUs and specialized accelerators while containing operational costs. This paper proposes a hardware-agnostic control loop…

Performance · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Yahav Biran , Imry Kissos

This paper presents Nova, a real-time scheduling framework for serving agentic vision-language models (VLMs) on a single GPU with balanced per-request latency and overall request process throughput. Our design begins by enabling effective…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Yuhang Xu , Shengzhong Liu , Dong Zhang , Bingheng Yan , Fan Wu , Guihai Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) encounter challenges in efficiently processing long-text queries, as seen in applications like enterprise document analysis and financial report comprehension. While conventional solutions employ long-context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Yulong Hui , Yihao Liu , Yao Lu , Huanchen Zhang

The increased use of micro-services to build web applications has spurred the rapid growth of Function-as-a-Service (FaaS) or serverless computing platforms. While FaaS simplifies provisioning and scaling for application developers, it…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-11-25 Arjun Singhvi , Kevin Houck , Arjun Balasubramanian , Mohammed Danish Shaikh , Shivaram Venkataraman , Aditya Akella

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) significantly improves the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) on knowledge-intensive tasks. However, varying response quality across LLMs under RAG necessitates intelligent routing mechanisms,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Jiarui Zhang , Xiangyu Liu , Yong Hu , Chaoyue Niu , Fan Wu , Guihai Chen