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Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models are receiving increasing attention for their ability to enable robots to perform complex tasks by integrating visual context with linguistic commands. However, achieving efficient real-time performance…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-22 ByungOk Han , Jaehong Kim , Jinhyeok Jang

With the broader adoption and highly successful development of Large Language Models (LLMs), there has been growing interest and demand for applying LLMs to autonomous driving technology. Driven by their natural language understanding and…

Vision-Language-Action Models (VLAs) inherit their visual and linguistic capabilities from Vision-Language Models (VLMs), yet most VLAs are built from off-the-shelf VLMs that are not adapted to the embodied domain, limiting their downstream…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Yiyang Du , Zhanqiu Guo , Xin Ye , Liu Ren , Chenyan Xiong

Vision-Language Models(VLMs) excel at autoregressive text generation, yet end-to-end autonomous driving requires multi-task learning with structured outputs and heterogeneous decoding behaviors, such as autoregressive language generation,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yiwei Zhang , Xuesong Chen , Jin Gao , Hanshi Wang , Fudong Ge , Weiming Hu , Shaoshuai Shi , Zhipeng Zhang

Autonomous driving is an emerging technology that is expected to bring significant social, economic, and environmental benefits. However, these benefits come with rising energy consumption by computation engines, limiting the driving range…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Yuyang Xia , Zibo Liang , Liwei Deng , Yan Zhao , Han Su , Kai Zheng

While Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models hold promise in embodied intelligence, their large parameter counts lead to substantial inference latency that hinders real-time manipulation, motivating parameter sparsification. However, as the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yuting Huang , Leilei Ding , Zhipeng Tang , Zenghuan Zhu , Jiajun Deng , Xinrui Lin , Shuo Liu , Haojie Ren , Jianmin Ji , Yanyong Zhang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models often fail to generalize to unseen camera viewpoints, a limitation stemming from their difficulty in inferring robust 3D geometry from 2D images. We introduce GeoAware-VLA, a simple yet effective approach…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Ali Abouzeid , Malak Mansour , Qinbo Sun , Zezhou Sun , Dezhen Song

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have rapidly advanced embodied intelligence, enabling robots to execute complex, instruction-driven tasks. However, as model capacity and visual context length grow, the inference cost of VLA systems…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Jintao Cheng , Haozhe Wang , Weibin Li , Gang Wang , Yipu Zhang , Xiaoyu Tang , Jin Wu , Xieyuanli Chen , Yunhui Liu , Wei Zhang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a generalist robotic agent. However, existing VLAs are hindered by excessive parameter scales, prohibitive pre-training requirements, and limited applicability to diverse embodiments. To…

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models mark a transformative advancement in artificial intelligence, aiming to unify perception, natural language understanding, and embodied action within a single computational framework. This foundational…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Ranjan Sapkota , Yang Cao , Konstantinos I. Roumeliotis , Manoj Karkee

Efficient trajectory planning in off-road terrains presents a formidable challenge for autonomous vehicles, often necessitating complex multi-step pipelines. However, traditional approaches exhibit limited adaptability in dynamic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Liangdong Zhang , Yiming Nie , Haoyang Li , Fanjie Kong , Baobao Zhang , Shunxin Huang , Kai Fu , Chen Min , Liang Xiao

We introduce iFlyBot-VLA, a large-scale Vision-Language-Action (VLA) model trained under a novel framework. The main contributions are listed as follows: (1) a latent action model thoroughly trained on large-scale human and robotic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Yuan Zhang , Chenyu Xue , Wenjie Xu , Chao Ji , Jiajia wu , Jia Pan

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a unified paradigm for robotic perception and control, enabling emergent generalization and long-horizon task execution. However, their deployment in dynamic, real-world environments is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Yuntao Dai , Hang Gu , Teng Wang , Qianyu Cheng , Yifei Zheng , Zhiyong Qiu , Lei Gong , Wenqi Lou , Xuehai Zhou

Recent advances in vision language action (VLA) models have shown remarkable potential for autonomous driving by directly mapping multimodal inputs to control signals. However, previous VLA-based methods have not explicitly exploited the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Lijin Yang , Jianing Huang , Zhongzhan Huang , Shu Liu , Hao Yang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently demonstrated impressive capabilities across various embodied AI tasks. While deploying VLA models on real-world robots imposes strict real-time inference constraints, the inference…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Wenqi Jiang , Jason Clemons , Karu Sankaralingam , Christos Kozyrakis

Robotic manipulation with Vision-Language-Action models requires efficient inference over long-horizon multi-modal context, where attention to dense visual tokens dominates computational cost. Existing methods optimize inference speed by…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Xiaohuan Pei , Yuxing Chen , Siyu Xu , Yunke Wang , Yuheng Shi , Chang Xu

Enabling robots to perform diverse tasks across varied environments is a central challenge in robot learning. While vision-language-action (VLA) models have shown promise for generalizable robot skills, realizing their full potential…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Junjie Wen , Yichen Zhu , Jinming Li , Zhibin Tang , Chaomin Shen , Feifei Feng

Recent vision-language-action (VLA) models built upon pretrained vision-language models (VLMs) have achieved significant improvements in robotic manipulation. However, current VLAs still suffer from low sample efficiency and limited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Shangchen Miao , Ningya Feng , Jialong Wu , Ye Lin , Xu He , Dong Li , Mingsheng Long

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models are emerging as highly effective planning models for end-to-end autonomous driving systems. However, current works mostly rely on imitation learning from sparse trajectory annotations and under-utilize…

Instruction tuning has emerged as a critical paradigm for improving the capabilities and alignment of large language models (LLMs). However, existing iterative model-aware data selection methods incur significant computational overhead, as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Xiaotian Lin , Yanlin Qi , Yizhang Zhu , Themis Palpanas , Chengliang Chai , Nan Tang , Yuyu Luo