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Embeddings are a powerful way to enrich data-driven machine learning models with the world knowledge of large language models (LLMs). Yet, there is limited evidence on how to design effective LLM-based embedding pipelines for tabular…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Oksana Kolomenko , Ricardo Knauer , Erik Rodner

Selective state-space models excel at long-sequence modeling, but their capacity for language representation -- in complex hierarchical reasoning -- remains underexplored. Most large language models rely on \textit{flat} Euclidean…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Sarang Patil , Ashish Parmanand Pandey , Ioannis Koutis , Mengjia Xu

Knowledge graph embeddings (KGE) have been validated as powerful methods for inferring missing links in knowledge graphs (KGs) that they typically map entities into Euclidean space and treat relations as transformations of entities.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Wenjie Zheng , Wenxue Wang , Shu Zhao , Fulan Qian

Knowledge graph (KG) embeddings learn low-dimensional representations of entities and relations to predict missing facts. KGs often exhibit hierarchical and logical patterns which must be preserved in the embedding space. For hierarchical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Ines Chami , Adva Wolf , Da-Cheng Juan , Frederic Sala , Sujith Ravi , Christopher Ré

Multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) have emerged as a transformative approach for aligning visual and textual understanding. They typically require extremely high computational resources (e.g., thousands of GPUs) for training to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Zelin Peng , Zhengqin Xu , Qingyang Liu , Xiaokang Yang , Wei Shen

We consider the problem of multi-label classification where the labels lie in a hierarchy. However, unlike most existing works in hierarchical multi-label classification, we do not assume that the label-hierarchy is known. Encouraged by the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-14 Soumya Chatterjee , Ayush Maheshwari , Ganesh Ramakrishnan , Saketha Nath Jagaralpudi

The hyperbolic manifold is a smooth manifold of negative constant curvature. While the hyperbolic manifold is well-studied in the literature, it has gained interest in the machine learning and natural language processing communities lately…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-19 Pratik Jawanpuria , Mayank Meghwanshi , Bamdev Mishra

Recently, there has been a surge of interest in representation learning in hyperbolic spaces, driven by their ability to represent hierarchical data with significantly fewer dimensions than standard Euclidean spaces. However, the viability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-02 Melanie Weber , Manzil Zaheer , Ankit Singh Rawat , Aditya Menon , Sanjiv Kumar

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across various tasks. However, it remains an open question whether the default Euclidean space is the most suitable choice for LLMs. In this study, we investigate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Menglin Yang , Ram Samarth B B , Aosong Feng , Bo Xiong , Jihong Liu , Irwin King , Rex Ying

Network embedding is a fervid topic in current networks science and observes that most real complex systems can be embedded in hidden metrics space and emerge as the geometrical property, where the geometric distance between nodes…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-04-28 Zongning Wu , Zengru Di , Ying Fan

How can we represent hierarchical information present in large type inventories for entity typing? We study the ability of hyperbolic embeddings to capture hierarchical relations between mentions in context and their target types in a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-07 Federico López , Benjamin Heinzerling , Michael Strube

Hyperbolic geometry has emerged as a powerful tool for modeling complex, structured data, particularly where hierarchical or tree-like relationships are present. By enabling embeddings with lower distortion, hyperbolic neural networks offer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Pol Arévalo , Alexis Molina , Álvaro Ciudad

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing by achieving state-of-the-art performance across various tasks. Recently, their effectiveness as embedding models has gained attention, marking a paradigm shift…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Chongyang Tao , Tao Shen , Shen Gao , Junshuo Zhang , Zhen Li , Kai Hua , Wenpeng Hu , Zhengwei Tao , Shuai Ma

Deep learning in hyperbolic space is quickly gaining traction in the fields of machine learning, multimedia, and computer vision. Deep networks commonly operate in Euclidean space, implicitly assuming that data lies on regular grids. Recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Max van Spengler , Philipp Wirth , Pascal Mettes

Large Language Models (LLMs) drive current AI breakthroughs despite very little being known about their internal representations. In this work, we propose to shed the light on LLMs inner mechanisms through the lens of geometry. In…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Randall Balestriero , Romain Cosentino , Sarath Shekkizhar

The organization of latent token representations plays a crucial role in determining the stability, generalization, and contextual consistency of language models, yet conventional approaches to embedding refinement often rely on parameter…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Meiquan Dong , Haoran Liu , Yan Huang , Zixuan Feng , Jianhong Tang , Ruoxi Wang

Hyperbolic spaces have recently gained momentum in the context of machine learning due to their high capacity and tree-likeliness properties. However, the representational power of hyperbolic geometry is not yet on par with Euclidean…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-29 Octavian-Eugen Ganea , Gary Bécigneul , Thomas Hofmann

The non-Euclidean geometry of hyperbolic spaces has recently garnered considerable attention in the realm of representation learning. Current endeavors in hyperbolic representation largely presuppose that the underlying hierarchies can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Menglin Yang , Min Zhou , Rex Ying , Yankai Chen , Irwin King

We propose a new class of deep reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms that model latent representations in hyperbolic space. Sequential decision-making requires reasoning about the possible future consequences of current behavior.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Edoardo Cetin , Benjamin Chamberlain , Michael Bronstein , Jonathan J Hunt

Embedded topic models are able to learn interpretable topics even with large and heavy-tailed vocabularies. However, they generally hold the Euclidean embedding space assumption, leading to a basic limitation in capturing hierarchical…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Yishi Xu , Dongsheng Wang , Bo Chen , Ruiying Lu , Zhibin Duan , Mingyuan Zhou