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Large Language Models (LLMs) are transforming writing, reading, teaching, and knowledge retrieval in many academic fields. However, concerns regarding their misuse and erroneous outputs have led to varying degrees of trust in LLMs within…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Minseok Jung , Aurora Zhang , May Fung , Junho Lee , Paul Pu Liang

While large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities to generate coherent text, they suffer from the issue of hallucinations -- factually inaccurate statements. Among numerous approaches to tackle hallucinations, especially…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Juraj Vladika , Ihsan Soydemir , Florian Matthes

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being adopted in high-stakes domains. Their potential to encode evolving social contexts and to generate plausible scenarios position them as promising tools in social policymaking. This article…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Pierre Le Coz , Jia An Liu , Debarun Bhattacharjya , Georgina Curto , Serge Stinckwich

While Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve near-human performance on standard benchmarks, their capabilities often fail to generalize to complex, real-world problems. To bridge this gap, we introduce DeepQuestion, a scalable, automated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Ali Khoramfar , Ali Ramezani , Mohammad Mahdi Mohajeri , Mohammad Javad Dousti , Majid Nili Ahmadabadi , Heshaam Faili

The troubling rise of hallucination presents perhaps the most significant impediment to the advancement of responsible AI. In recent times, considerable research has focused on detecting and mitigating hallucination in Large Language Models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Anku Rani , Vipula Rawte , Harshad Sharma , Neeraj Anand , Krishnav Rajbangshi , Amit Sheth , Amitava Das

Self-reflection on learning experiences constitutes a fundamental cognitive process, essential for the consolidation of knowledge and the enhancement of learning efficacy. However, traditional methods to facilitate reflection often face…

Domain-specific instruction-tuning has become the defacto standard for improving the performance of large language models (LLMs) in specialized applications, e.g., medical question answering. Since the instruction-tuning dataset might…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Qihuang Zhong , Liang Ding , Fei Liao , Juhua Liu , Bo Du , Dacheng Tao

The rapid development of Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) has significantly advanced multimodal understanding by harnessing the language abilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) and integrating modality-specific encoders. However, LMMs are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Anirudh Phukan , Divyansh , Harshit Kumar Morj , Vaishnavi , Apoorv Saxena , Koustava Goswami

This paper investigates the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) in formulating and solving decision-making problems using mathematical programming. We first conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of recent literature to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Mohammad J. Abdel-Rahman , Yasmeen Alslman , Dania Refai , Amro Saleh , Malik A. Abu Loha , Mohammad Yahya Hamed

This report aims to evaluate the performance of large language models (LLMs) in solving high school science questions and to explore their potential applications in the educational field. With the rapid development of LLMs in the field of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Zhu Jiawei , Chen Wei

Large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced the field of natural language processing, with GPT models at the forefront. While their remarkable performance spans a range of tasks, adapting LLMs for real-world business scenarios…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Minh-Tien Nguyen , Duy-Hung Nguyen , Shahab Sabahi , Hung Le , Jeff Yang , Hajime Hotta

The reliability of large language models (LLMs) is greatly compromised by their tendency to hallucinate, underscoring the need for precise identification of knowledge gaps within LLMs. Various methods for probing such gaps exist, ranging…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Raoyuan Zhao , Abdullatif Köksal , Ali Modarressi , Michael A. Hedderich , Hinrich Schütze

Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly impacted nearly every domain of human knowledge. However, the explainability of these models esp. to laypersons, which are crucial for instilling trust, have been examined through various…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Arion Das , Asutosh Mishra , Amitesh Patel , Soumilya De , V. Gurucharan , Kripabandhu Ghosh

Grounding large language models (LLMs) in external knowledge sources is a promising method for faithful prediction. While existing grounding approaches work well for simple queries, many real-world information needs require synthesizing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Cheng Jiayang , Qianqian Zhuang , Haoran Li , Chunkit Chan , Xin Liu , Lin Qiu , Yangqiu Song

The hallucination of large multimodal models (LMMs), providing responses that appear correct but are actually incorrect, limits their reliability and applicability. This paper aims to study the hallucination problem of LMMs in video…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Hongcheng Gao , Jiashu Qu , Jingyi Tang , Baolong Bi , Yue Liu , Hongyu Chen , Li Liang , Li Su , Qingming Huang

Large language models (LLMs) offer transformative potential for clinical decision support in spine surgery but pose significant risks through hallucinations, which are factually inconsistent or contextually misaligned outputs that may…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Dong Chen , Yanzhe Wei , Zonglin He , Guan-Ming Kuang , Canhua Ye , Meiru An , Huili Peng , Yong Hu , Huiren Tao , Kenneth MC Cheung

As the importance of comprehensive evaluation in workshop courses increases, there is a growing demand for efficient and fair assessment methods that reduce the workload for faculty members. This paper presents an evaluation conducted with…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Toru Ishida , Tongxi Liu , Hailong Wang , William K. Cheung

Hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs) -- generations that are plausible but factually unfaithful -- remain a critical barrier to high-stakes deployment. Current detection methods typically rely on computationally expensive external…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Manish Bhatt

Large Language Models (LLMs) are adept at text manipulation -- tasks such as machine translation and text summarization. However, these models can also be prone to hallucination, which can be detrimental to the faithfulness of any answers…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Priyesh Vakharia , Devavrat Joshi , Meenal Chavan , Dhananjay Sonawane , Bhrigu Garg , Parsa Mazaheri

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in various domains. However, effective decision-making relies heavily on strong reasoning abilities. Reasoning is the foundation for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Dana Alsagheer , Yang Lu , Abdulrahman Kamal , Omar Kamal , Mohammad Kamal , Nada Mansour , Cosmo Yang Wu , Rambiba Karanjai , Sen Li , Weidong Shi