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While scaling individual Large Language Models (LLMs) has delivered remarkable progress, the next frontier lies in scaling collaboration through multi-agent systems (MAS). However, purely autonomous MAS remain ''closed-world'' systems,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Wei Yang , Defu Cao , Jiacheng Pang , Muyan Weng , Yan Liu

There are growing concerns about the risks posed by AI companion applications designed for emotional engagement. Existing safety evaluations often rely on self-reported user data or interviews, offering limited insights into real-time…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Prerna Juneja , Lika Lomidze

With growing usage of machine learning algorithms and big data in health applications, digital biomarkers have become an important key feature to ensure the success of those applications. In this paper, we focus on one important use-case,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-20 Angela Botros , Narayan Schütz , Christina Röcke , Robert Weibel , Mike Martin , René Müri , Tobias Nef

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into daily life, in roles ranging from high-stakes decision support to companionship, understanding their behavioral dispositions becomes critical. A growing literature uses…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Valentin Kriegmair , Dirk U. Wulff

Most personal wellbeing apps present summative dashboards of health and physical activity metrics, yet many users struggle to translate this information into meaningful understanding. These apps commonly support engagement through goals,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Shanshan Zhu , Wenxuan Song , Jiayue Melissa Shi , Dong Whi Yoo , Karthik S. Bhat , Koustuv Saha

A prominent goal of neuroimaging studies is mapping the human brain, in order to identify and delineate functionally-meaningful regions and elucidate their roles in cognitive behaviors. These brain regions are typically represented by…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-09-04 Roza G. Bayrak , Nhung Hoang , Colin B. Hansen , Catie Chang , Matthew Berger

Mental health disorders remain among the leading cause of disability worldwide, yet conditions such as depression, anxiety, and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) are frequently underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed due to subjective…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Jianfeng Zhu , Julina Maharjan , Xinyu Li , Karin G. Coifman , Ruoming Jin

Designing artificial cyber-agents able to interact with human safely, smartly and in a natural way is a current open problem in control. Solving such an issue will allow the design of cyber-agents capable of co-operatively interacting with…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2020-06-18 Maria Lombardi , Davide Liuzza , Mario di Bernardo

The idea that information-processing systems operate near criticality to enhance computational performance is supported by scaling signatures in brain activity. However, external signals raise the question of whether this behavior is…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-02-10 Rubén Calvo , Carles Martorell , Adrián Roig , Miguel A. Muñoz

Human-in-the-loop (HITL) frameworks are increasingly recognized for their potential to improve annotation accuracy in emotion estimation systems by combining machine predictions with human expertise. This study focuses on integrating a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Sahana Yadnakudige Subramanya , Ko Watanabe , Andreas Dengel , Shoya Ishimaru

Using intelligent systems to perceive psychological and social behaviors, that is, the underlying affective, cognitive, and pathological states that are manifested through observable behaviors and social interactions, remains a challenge…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Keane Ong , Wei Dai , Carol Li , Dewei Feng , Hengzhi Li , Jingyao Wu , Jiaee Cheong , Rui Mao , Gianmarco Mengaldo , Erik Cambria , Paul Pu Liang

The memorization of sensitive and personally identifiable information (PII) by large language models (LLMs) poses growing privacy risks as models scale and are increasingly deployed in real-world applications. Existing efforts to study…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Sriram Selvam , Anneswa Ghosh

Mental health disorders remain a significant challenge in modern healthcare, with diagnosis and treatment often relying on subjective patient descriptions and past medical history. To address this issue, we propose a personalized mental…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-12 Manan Shukla , Oshani Seneviratne

The increasing demand for mental health services has highlighted the need for innovative solutions, particularly in the realm of psychological conversational AI, where the availability of sensitive data is scarce. In this work, we explored…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Alessandro De Grandi , Federico Ravenda , Andrea Raballo , Fabio Crestani

Computational models of how users perceive and act within a virtual or physical environment offer enormous potential for the understanding and design of user interactions. Cognition models have been used to understand the role of attention…

The widespread adoption of generative artificial intelligence conversational agents (AICAs) among university students constitutes a novel cognitive social environment whose impact on the maturing brain remains elusive. Combining surveys…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-04-13 Junjie Wang , Xianyang Gan , Dan Liu , Jingxian He , Stefania Ferraro , Keith M. Kendrick , Weihua Zhao , Shuxia Yao , Christian Montag , Benjamin Becker

There is a growing desire to create computer systems that can communicate effectively to collaborate with humans on complex, open-ended activities. Assessing these systems presents significant challenges. We describe a framework for…

Social platforms connect billions of people, yet their engagement-first algorithms often work on users rather than with them, amplifying stress, misinformation, and a loss of control. We propose Human-Layer AI (HL-AI)--user-owned,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Mohd Ruhul Ameen , Akif Islam

Interactions among humans on social media often convey intentions behind their actions, yielding a psychological language resource for Mental Health Analysis (MHA) of online users. The success of Computational Intelligence Techniques (CIT)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Muskan Garg , Chandni Saxena , Usman Naseem , Bonnie J Dorr