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Named entity recognition (NER) remains challenging when entity mentions can be discontinuous. Existing methods break the recognition process into several sequential steps. In training, they predict conditioned on the golden intermediate…

So far, discontinuous named entity recognition (NER) has received increasing research attention and many related methods have surged such as hypergraph-based methods, span-based methods, and sequence-to-sequence (Seq2Seq) methods, etc.…

Named Entity Recognition (NER) is a machine learning task that traditionally relies on supervised learning and annotated data. Acquiring such data is often a challenge, particularly in specialized fields like medical, legal, and financial…

Named entity discovery (NED) is an important information retrieval problem that can be decomposed into two sub-problems. The first sub-problem, named entity recognition (NER), aims to tag pre-defined sets of words in a vocabulary (called…

Discontinuous Named Entity Recognition (DNER) presents a challenging problem where entities may be scattered across multiple non-adjacent tokens, making traditional sequence labelling approaches inadequate. Existing methods predominantly…

Data augmentation techniques have been used to alleviate the problem of scarce labeled data in various NER tasks (flat, nested, and discontinuous NER tasks). Existing augmentation techniques either manipulate the words in the original text…

Named entity recognition (NER) is a well-studied task in natural language processing. Traditional NER research only deals with flat entities and ignores nested entities. The span-based methods treat entity recognition as a span…

Although named entity recognition (NER) helps us to extract domain-specific entities from text (e.g., artists in the music domain), it is costly to create a large amount of training data or a structured knowledge base to perform accurate…

Named Entity Recognition (NER) is an essential precursor task for many natural language applications, such as relation extraction or event extraction. Much of the NER research has been done on datasets with few classes of entity types (e.g.…

Entity Recognition (ER) within a text is a fundamental exercise in Natural Language Processing, enabling further depending tasks such as Knowledge Extraction, Text Summarisation, or Keyphrase Extraction. An entity consists of single words…

In biomedical fields, one named entity may consist of a series of non-adjacent tokens and overlap with other entities. Previous methods recognize discontinuous entities by connecting entity fragments or internal tokens, which face…

Named entity recognition (NER) is the task to identify mentions of rigid designators from text belonging to predefined semantic types such as person, location, organization etc. NER always serves as the foundation for many natural language…

Nested named entity recognition (NER) has been receiving increasing attention. Recently, (Fu et al, 2021) adapt a span-based constituency parser to tackle nested NER. They treat nested entities as partially-observed constituency trees and…

Nested Named Entity Recognition (NNER) focuses on addressing overlapped entity recognition. Compared to Flat Named Entity Recognition (FNER), annotated resources are scarce in the corpus for NNER. Data augmentation is an effective approach…

Named entity recognition (NER) is highly sensitive to sentential syntactic and semantic properties where entities may be extracted according to how they are used and placed in the running text. To model such properties, one could rely on…

With the fast development of Deep Learning techniques, Named Entity Recognition (NER) is becoming more and more important in the information extraction task. The greatest difficulty that the NER task faces is to keep the detectability even…

Named Entity Recognition (NER) is a fundamental problem in natural language processing (NLP). However, the task of extracting longer entity spans (e.g., awards) from extended texts (e.g., homepages) is barely explored. Current NER methods…

Named entity recognition (NER), which focuses on the extraction of semantically meaningful named entities and their semantic classes from text, serves as an indispensable component for several down-stream natural language processing (NLP)…

Nested named entity recognition (NER) aims to identify the entity boundaries and recognize categories of the named entities in a complex hierarchical sentence. Some works have been done using character-level, word-level, or lexicon-level…

Ever-larger language models with ever-increasing capabilities are by now well-established text processing tools. Alas, information extraction tasks such as named entity recognition are still largely unaffected by this progress as they are…