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Ensuring safe decision-making in autonomous vehicles remains a fundamental challenge despite rapid advances in end-to-end learning approaches. Traditional reinforcement learning (RL) methods rely on manually engineered rewards or sparse…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Zilin Huang , Zihao Sheng , Zhengyang Wan , Yansong Qu , Junwei You , Sicong Jiang , Sikai Chen

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a promising paradigm for building embodied agents that ground perception and language into action. However, most existing approaches rely on direct action prediction, lacking the ability…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Runze Li , Hongyin Zhang , Junxi Jin , Qixin Zeng , Zifeng Zhuang , Yiqi Tang , Shangke Lyu , Donglin Wang

Robot foundation models, particularly Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models, have garnered significant attention for their ability to enhance robot policy learning, greatly improving robot's generalization and robustness. OpenAI's recent…

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have demonstrated strong performance across a wide range of robotic manipulation tasks. Despite the success, extending large pretrained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) to the action space can induce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Yiye Chen , Yanan Jian , Xiaoyi Dong , Shuxin Cao , Jing Wu , Patricio Vela , Benjamin E. Lundell , Dongdong Chen

Recent studies on Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have shifted from the end-to-end action-generation paradigm toward a pipeline involving task planning followed by action generation, demonstrating improved performance on various…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Chongkai Gao , Zixuan Liu , Zhenghao Chi , Junshan Huang , Xin Fei , Yiwen Hou , Yuxuan Zhang , Yudi Lin , Zhirui Fang , Zeyu Jiang , Lin Shao

Generalization in robot manipulation is essential for deploying robots in open-world environments and advancing toward artificial general intelligence. While recent Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models leverage large pre-trained…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Yichao Shen , Fangyun Wei , Zhiying Du , Yaobo Liang , Yan Lu , Jiaolong Yang , Nanning Zheng , Baining Guo

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have demonstrated remarkable generalization capabilities in robotic manipulation tasks, yet their substantial computational overhead remains a critical obstacle to real-world deployment. Improving…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yujie Wei , Jiahan Fan , Jiyu Guo , Ruichen Zhen , Rui Shao , Xiu Su , Zeke Xie , Shuo Yang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models show promising ability in language-guided robotic tasks. However, making VLA policies reliable remains challenging, because a manipulation task is completed through closed-loop interaction, where each…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Peizheng Guo , Jingyao Wang , Changwen Zheng , Wenwen Qiang

This paper presents an AI-generated review of Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models, summarizing key methodologies, findings, and future directions. The content is produced using large language models (LLMs) and is intended only for…

In recent years, reinforcement learning (RL)-based methods for learning driving policies have gained increasing attention in the autonomous driving community and have achieved remarkable progress in various driving scenarios. However,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Zilin Huang , Zihao Sheng , Yansong Qu , Junwei You , Sikai Chen

Pre-trained Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have achieved remarkable success in improving robustness and generalization for end-to-end robotic manipulation. However, these models struggle with long-horizon tasks due to their lack of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Runhao Li , Wenkai Guo , Zhenyu Wu , Changyuan Wang , Haoyuan Deng , Zhenyu Weng , Yap-Peng Tan , Ziwei Wang

Vision-Language Action (VLA) models significantly advance robotic manipulation by leveraging the strong perception capabilities of pretrained vision-language models (VLMs). By integrating action modules into these pretrained models, VLA…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Shaoqi Dong , Chaoyou Fu , Haihan Gao , Yi-Fan Zhang , Chi Yan , Chu Wu , Xiaoyu Liu , Yunhang Shen , Jing Huo , Deqiang Jiang , Haoyu Cao , Yang Gao , Xing Sun , Ran He , Caifeng Shan

Vision-Language-Action~(VLA) models have shown strong potential for general-purpose robotic manipulation, yet they still struggle to generalize to unseen tasks that necessitate transferring relevant experience across objects, scenes, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Shengyu Si , Yuanzhuo Lu , Ruimeng Yang , Ziyi Ye , Zuxuan Wu , Yu-Gang Jiang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models typically map visual observations and linguistic instructions directly to control signals. This "black-box" mapping forces a single forward pass to simultaneously handle instruction interpretation,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Zixuan Wang , Yuxin Chen , Yuqi Liu , Jinhui Ye , Pengguang Chen , Changsheng Lu , Shu Liu , Bei Yu , Jiaya Jia

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a promising paradigm for general-purpose robotic manipulation, leveraging large-scale pre-training to achieve strong performance. The field has rapidly evolved with additional spatial…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Yuankai Luo , Woping Chen , Tong Liang , Baiqiao Wang , Zhenguo Li

Vision-language-action (VLA) models aim to understand natural language instructions and visual observations and to execute corresponding actions as an embodied agent. Recent work integrates future images into the understanding-acting loop,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Jiayi Chen , Wenxuan Song , Pengxiang Ding , Ziyang Zhou , Han Zhao , Feilong Tang , Donglin Wang , Haoang Li

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models, particularly diffusion-based architectures, demonstrate transformative potential for embodied intelligence but are severely hampered by high computational and memory demands stemming from extensive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Yantai Yang , Yuhao Wang , Zichen Wen , Luo Zhongwei , Chang Zou , Zhipeng Zhang , Chuan Wen , Linfeng Zhang

Recent large-scale Vision Language Action (VLA) models have shown superior performance in robotic manipulation tasks guided by natural language. However, current VLA models suffer from two drawbacks: (i) generation of massive tokens leading…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Juyi Lin , Amir Taherin , Arash Akbari , Arman Akbari , Lei Lu , Guangyu Chen , Taskin Padir , Xiaomeng Yang , Weiwei Chen , Yiqian Li , Xue Lin , David Kaeli , Pu Zhao , Yanzhi Wang

Vision-language-action (VLA) models for closed-loop robot control are typically cast under the Markov assumption, making them prone to errors on tasks requiring historical context. To incorporate memory, existing VLAs either retrieve from a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Hang Li , Fengyi Shen , Dong Chen , Liudi Yang , Xudong Wang , Jinkui Shi , Zhenshan Bing , Ziyuan Liu , Alois Knoll

The rapid development of Vision-Language models (VLMs) and Multimodal Language Models (MLLMs) in autonomous driving research has significantly reshaped the landscape by enabling richer scene understanding, context-aware reasoning, and more…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Karthik Mohan , Sonam Singh , Amit Arvind Kale