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We propose a novel amortized optimization method for predicting optimal transport (OT) plans across multiple pairs of measures by leveraging Kantorovich potentials derived from sliced OT. We introduce two amortization strategies:…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-17 Minh-Phuc Truong , Khai Nguyen

Given samples from two joint distributions, we consider the problem of Optimal Transportation (OT) between them when conditioned on a common variable. We focus on the general setting where the conditioned variable may be continuous, and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Piyushi Manupriya , Rachit Keerti Das , Sayantan Biswas , Saketha Nath Jagarlapudi

In machine learning, Optimal Transport (OT) theory is extensively utilized to compare probability distributions across various applications, such as graph data represented by node distributions and image data represented by pixel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Jianming Huang , Xun Su , Zhongxi Fang , Hiroyuki Kasai

Given a $d$-dimensional continuous (resp. discrete) probability distribution $\mu$ and a discrete distribution $\nu$, the semi-discrete (resp. discrete) Optimal Transport (OT) problem asks for computing a minimum-cost plan to transport mass…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Pankaj K. Agarwal , Sharath Raghvendra , Pouyan Shirzadian , Keegan Yao

Optimal transport (OT) defines a powerful framework to compare probability distributions in a geometrically faithful way. However, the practical impact of OT is still limited because of its computational burden. We propose a new class of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-05-30 Genevay Aude , Marco Cuturi , Gabriel Peyré , Francis Bach

Optimal Transport (OT) has established itself as a robust framework for quantifying differences between distributions, with applications that span fields such as machine learning, data science, and computer vision. This paper offers a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Sina Moradi

Optimal Transport (OT) theory has seen an increasing amount of attention from the computer science community due to its potency and relevance in modeling and machine learning. It introduces means that serve as powerful ways to compare…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-04 Luis Caicedo Torres , Luiz Manella Pereira , M. Hadi Amini

Optimal transport (OT) finds a least cost transport plan between two probability distributions using a cost matrix defined on pairs of points. Unlike standard OT, which infers unstructured pointwise mappings, low-rank optimal transport…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Henri Schmidt , Peter Halmos , Ben Raphael

Efficient comparison of spherical probability distributions becomes important in fields such as computer vision, geosciences, and medicine. Sliced optimal transport distances, such as spherical and stereographic spherical sliced Wasserstein…

Optimal transport (OT) is a central framework for modeling distribution shifts. Because OT compares distributions directly in input space, a well-designed ground metric between observations is essential to ensure that the optimizer does not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Philip Naumann , Jacob Kauffmann , Klaus-Robert Müller , Grégoire Montavon

Optimal transport (OT) provides effective tools for comparing and mapping probability measures. We propose to leverage the flexibility of neural networks to learn an approximate optimal transport map. More precisely, we present a new and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Florentin Coeurdoux , Nicolas Dobigeon , Pierre Chainais

This paper presents a novel two-step approach for the fundamental problem of learning an optimal map from one distribution to another. First, we learn an optimal transport (OT) plan, which can be thought as a one-to-many map between the two…

Optimal transport (OT) is a popular tool in machine learning to compare probability measures geometrically, but it comes with substantial computational burden. Linear programming algorithms for computing OT distances scale cubically in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-24 Gaspard Beugnot , Aude Genevay , Kristjan Greenewald , Justin Solomon

The optimal transport (OT) map is a geometry-driven transformation between high-dimensional probability distributions which underpins a wide range of tasks in statistics, applied probability, and machine learning. However, existing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-11 Sloan Nietert , Ziv Goldfeld

We investigate the semi-discrete Optimal Transport (OT) problem, where a continuous source measure $\mu$ is transported to a discrete target measure $\nu$, with particular attention to the OT map approximation. In this setting, Stochastic…

Variational Auto-Encoders enforce their learned intermediate latent-space data distribution to be a simple distribution, such as an isotropic Gaussian. However, this causes the posterior collapse problem and loses manifold structure which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-18 Huidong Liu , Yang Guo , Na Lei , Zhixin Shu , Shing-Tung Yau , Dimitris Samaras , Xianfeng Gu

Regularized discrete optimal transport (OT) is a powerful tool to measure the distance between two discrete distributions that have been constructed from data samples on two different domains. While it has a wide range of applications in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-15 Yasutoshi Ida , Sekitoshi Kanai , Kazuki Adachi , Atsutoshi Kumagai , Yasuhiro Fujiwara

The current best practice for computing optimal transport (OT) is via entropy regularization and Sinkhorn iterations. This algorithm runs in quadratic time as it requires the full pairwise cost matrix, which is prohibitively expensive for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Johannes Gasteiger , Marten Lienen , Stephan Günnemann

Optimal transport (OT) based data analysis is often faced with the issue that the underlying cost function is (partially) unknown. This paper is concerned with the derivation of distributional limits for the empirical OT value when the cost…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-01-05 Shayan Hundrieser , Gilles Mordant , Christoph Alexander Weitkamp , Axel Munk

This paper presents a multiscale approach to efficiently compute approximate optimal transport plans between point sets. It is particularly well-suited for point sets that are in high-dimensions, but are close to being intrinsically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Samuel Gerber , Mauro Maggioni