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Enhancing speech signal quality in adverse acoustic environments is a persistent challenge in speech processing. Existing deep learning based enhancement methods often struggle to effectively remove background noise and reverberation in…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-19 Heming Wang , Meng Yu , Hao Zhang , Chunlei Zhang , Zhongweiyang Xu , Muqiao Yang , Yixuan Zhang , Dong Yu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced audio processing by leveraging audio codecs to discretize audio into tokens, enabling the application of language modeling techniques to speech data. However, existing audio codecs…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-11 Edresson Casanova , Paarth Neekhara , Ryan Langman , Shehzeen Hussain , Subhankar Ghosh , Xuesong Yang , Ante Jukić , Jason Li , Boris Ginsburg

The neural codec model reduces speech data transmission delay and serves as the foundational tokenizer for speech language models (speech LMs). Preserving emotional information in codecs is crucial for effective communication and context…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-31 Wenze Ren , Yi-Cheng Lin , Huang-Cheng Chou , Haibin Wu , Yi-Chiao Wu , Chi-Chun Lee , Hung-yi Lee , Yu Tsao

Computer voice is experiencing a renaissance through the growing popularity of voice-based interfaces, agents, and environments. Yet, how to measure the user experience (UX) of voice-based systems remains an open and urgent question,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Katie Seaborn , Jacqueline Urakami

Predicting audio quality in voice synthesis and conversion systems is a critical yet challenging task, especially when traditional methods like Mean Opinion Scores (MOS) are cumbersome to collect at scale. This paper addresses the gap in…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Aditya Ravuri , Erica Cooper , Junichi Yamagishi

Speech intelligibility assessment is essential for evaluating neural speech codecs, yet most evaluation efforts focus on overall quality rather than intelligibility. Only a few publicly available tools exist for conducting standardized…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-03 Anna Leschanowsky , Kishor Kayyar Lakshminarayana , Anjana Rajasekhar , Lyonel Behringer , Ibrahim Kilinc , Guillaume Fuchs , Emanuël A. P. Habets

Neural codecs have become crucial to recent speech and audio generation research. In addition to signal compression capabilities, discrete codecs have also been found to enhance downstream training efficiency and compatibility with…

Despite its crucial role in research experiments, code correctness is often presumed only on the basis of the perceived quality of results. This assumption comes with the risk of erroneous outcomes and potentially misleading findings. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Sara Papi , Marco Gaido , Andrea Pilzer , Matteo Negri

Neural audio codecs (NACs), which use neural networks to generate compact audio representations, have garnered interest for their applicability to many downstream tasks -- especially quantized codecs due to their compatibility with large…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-13 Ryo Aihara , Yoshiki Masuyama , Gordon Wichern , François G. Germain , Jonathan Le Roux

Evaluating state-of-the-art speech systems necessitates scalable and sensitive evaluation methods to detect subtle but unacceptable artifacts. Standard MUSHRA is sensitive but lacks scalability, while ACR scales well but loses sensitivity…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-24 Laura Lechler , Ivana Balic

Speech quality assessment typically requires evaluating audio from multiple aspects, such as mean opinion score (MOS) and speaker similarity (SIM) \etc., which can be challenging to cover using one small model designed for a single task. In…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-02 Siyin Wang , Wenyi Yu , Yudong Yang , Changli Tang , Yixuan Li , Jimin Zhuang , Xianzhao Chen , Xiaohai Tian , Jun Zhang , Guangzhi Sun , Lu Lu , Yuxuan Wang , Chao Zhang

We present SoundStream, a novel neural audio codec that can efficiently compress speech, music and general audio at bitrates normally targeted by speech-tailored codecs. SoundStream relies on a model architecture composed by a fully…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-07-08 Neil Zeghidour , Alejandro Luebs , Ahmed Omran , Jan Skoglund , Marco Tagliasacchi

The INTERSPEECH 2020 Deep Noise Suppression Challenge is intended to promote collaborative research in real-time single-channel Speech Enhancement aimed to maximize the subjective (perceptual) quality of the enhanced speech. A typical…

Neural codecs, comprising an encoder, quantizer, and decoder, enable signal transmission at exceptionally low bitrates. Training these systems requires techniques like the straight-through estimator, soft-to-hard annealing, or statistical…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-10 Wolfgang Mack , Ahmed Mustafa , Rafał Łaganowski , Samer Hijazy

There is a considerable interest in developing algorithms that can predict audio quality of perceptually coded signals to avoid the cost of extensive listening tests during development time. While many established algorithms for predicting…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-06 Pablo M. Delgado , Jürgen Herre

Despite significant advancements in neural text-to-audio generation, challenges persist in controllability and evaluation. This paper addresses these issues through the Sound Scene Synthesis challenge held as part of the Detection and…

Speech enhancement techniques improve the quality or the intelligibility of an audio signal by removing unwanted noise. It is used as preprocessing in numerous applications such as speech recognition, hearing aids, broadcasting and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-05 Angélica S. Z. Suárez , Clément Laroche , Line H. Clemmensen , Sneha Das

Artificial speech synthesis has made a great leap in terms of naturalness as recent Text-to-Speech (TTS) systems are capable of producing speech with similar quality to human recordings. However, not all speaking styles are easy to model:…

Speech embeddings are fixed-size acoustic representations of variable-length speech sequences. They are increasingly used for a variety of tasks ranging from information retrieval to unsupervised term discovery and speech segmentation.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-09 Robin Algayres , Mohamed Salah Zaiem , Benoit Sagot , Emmanuel Dupoux

Audio Question Answering (AQA) is a key task for evaluating Audio-Language Models (ALMs), yet assessing open-ended responses remains challenging. Existing metrics used for AQA such as BLEU, METEOR and BERTScore, mostly adapted from NLP and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-07 Satvik Dixit , Soham Deshmukh , Bhiksha Raj