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The rapid emergence of foundation models, particularly Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision-Language Models (VLMs), has introduced a transformative paradigm in robotics. These models offer powerful capabilities in semantic understanding,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Muhammad Tayyab Khan , Ammar Waheed

Grounding language to a navigating agent's observations can leverage pretrained multimodal foundation models to match perceptions to object or event descriptions. However, previous approaches remain disconnected from environment mapping,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Chenguang Huang , Oier Mees , Andy Zeng , Wolfram Burgard

Soft machines are poised to deliver significant real-world impact, with soft robotics emerging as a key sub-discipline. This field integrates biological inspiration, materials science, and embodied intelligence to create bio-robotic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-18 M. Gepner , J. Mack , A. A. Stokes

Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as the dominant paradigm for robotic task planning using natural language instructions. However, trained on general internet data, LLMs are not inherently aligned with the embodiment, skill sets,…

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is notoriously data-inefficient, which makes training on a real robot difficult. While model-based RL algorithms (world models) improve data-efficiency to some extent, they still require hours or days of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Yunhai Feng , Nicklas Hansen , Ziyan Xiong , Chandramouli Rajagopalan , Xiaolong Wang

Moving in dynamic pedestrian environments is one of the important requirements for autonomous mobile robots. We present a model-based reinforcement learning approach for robots to navigate through crowded environments. The navigation policy…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Yuxiang Cui , Haodong Zhang , Yue Wang , Rong Xiong

While visuomotor policy has made advancements in recent years, contact-rich tasks still remain a challenge. Robotic manipulation tasks that require continuous contact demand explicit handling of compliance and force. However, most…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Tianyu Li , Yihan Li , Zizhe Zhang , Nadia Figueroa

Depth sensors are widely deployed across robotic platforms, and advances in fast, high-fidelity depth simulation have enabled robotic policies trained on depth observations to achieve robust sim-to-real transfer for a wide range of tasks.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Manthan Patel , Jonas Frey , Mayank Mittal , Fan Yang , Alexander Hansson , Amir Bar , Cesar Cadena , Marco Hutter

Robot foundation models are beginning to deliver on the promise of generalist robotic agents, yet progress remains constrained by the scarcity of large-scale real-world manipulation datasets. Simulation and synthetic data generation offer a…

Foundation models have revolutionized robotics by providing rich semantic representations without task-specific training. While many approaches integrate pretrained vision-language models (VLMs) with specialized navigation architectures,…

Human-robot cooperation is essential in environments such as warehouses and retail stores, where workers frequently handle deformable objects like paper, bags, and fabrics. Coordinating robotic actions with human assistance remains…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Rewida Ali , Cristian C. Beltran-Hernandez , Weiwei Wan , Kensuke Harada

Foundation models trained on web-scale data have revolutionized robotics, but their application to low-level control remains largely limited to behavioral cloning. Drawing inspiration from the success of the reinforcement learning stage in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Seyed Kamyar Seyed Ghasemipour , Ayzaan Wahid , Jonathan Tompson , Pannag Sanketi , Igor Mordatch

Humanoid robot loco-manipulation remains constrained by the semantic-physical gap. Current methods face three limitations: Low sample efficiency in reinforcement learning, poor generalization in imitation learning, and physical…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Yutong Shen , Hangxu Liu , Kailin Pei , Ruizhe Xia , Tongtong Feng

Designing soft robots is a complex and iterative process that demands cross-disciplinary expertise in materials science, mechanics, and control, often relying on intuition and extensive experimentation. While foundation models, especially…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Changhe Chen , Xiaohao Xu , Xiangdong Wang , Xiaonan Huang

The rise of large foundation models, trained on extensive datasets, is revolutionizing the field of AI. Models such as SAM, DALL-E2, and GPT-4 showcase their adaptability by extracting intricate patterns and performing effectively across…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Xu Yan , Haiming Zhang , Yingjie Cai , Jingming Guo , Weichao Qiu , Bin Gao , Kaiqiang Zhou , Yue Zhao , Huan Jin , Jiantao Gao , Zhen Li , Lihui Jiang , Wei Zhang , Hongbo Zhang , Dengxin Dai , Bingbing Liu

Learning to manipulate objects efficiently, particularly those involving sustained contact (e.g., pushing, sliding) and articulated parts (e.g., drawers, doors), presents significant challenges. Traditional methods, such as robot-centric…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Shijie Fang , Wenchang Gao , Shivam Goel , Christopher Thierauf , Matthias Scheutz , Jivko Sinapov

Generalist robot policies increasingly benefit from large-scale pretraining, but offline data alone is insufficient for robust real-world deployment. Deployed robots encounter distribution shifts, long-tail failures, task variations, and…

This work contributes a novel deep navigation policy that enables collision-free flight of aerial robots based on a modular approach exploiting deep collision encoding and reinforcement learning. The proposed solution builds upon a deep…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Mihir Kulkarni , Kostas Alexis

To solve tasks in complex environments, robots need to learn from experience. Deep reinforcement learning is a common approach to robot learning but requires a large amount of trial and error to learn, limiting its deployment in the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-06-29 Philipp Wu , Alejandro Escontrela , Danijar Hafner , Ken Goldberg , Pieter Abbeel

Recent advances in legged locomotion learning are still dominated by the utilization of geometric representations of the environment, limiting the robot's capability to respond to higher-level semantics such as human instructions. To…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-12 I Made Aswin Nahrendra , Seunghyun Lee , Dongkyu Lee , Hyun Myung