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Previous research into agent communication has shown that a pre-trained guide can speed up the learning process of an imitation learning agent. The guide achieves this by providing the agent with discrete messages in an emerged language…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-12-12 Benjamin Kolb , Leon Lang , Henning Bartsch , Arwin Gansekoele , Raymond Koopmanschap , Leonardo Romor , David Speck , Mathijs Mul , Elia Bruni

Multi-turn dialogues between a child and a caregiver are characterized by a property called contingency - that is, prompt, direct, and meaningful exchanges between interlocutors. We introduce ContingentChat, a teacher-student framework that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Suchir Salhan , Hongyi Gu , Donya Rooein , Diana Galvan-Sosa , Gabrielle Gaudeau , Andrew Caines , Zheng Yuan , Paula Buttery

In this paper, we focus on the often-overlooked issue of embedding collapse in existing diffusion-based sequential recommendation models and propose ADRec, an innovative framework designed to mitigate this problem. Diverging from previous…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Jialei Chen , Yuanbo Xu , Yiheng Jiang

Rapid urbanization in cities like Bangalore has led to severe traffic congestion, making efficient Traffic Signal Control (TSC) essential. Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL), often modeling each traffic signal as an independent agent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Sayambhu Sen , Shalabh Bhatnagar

Multi-agent LLM systems improve reasoning by combining outputs from multiple agents, but interaction-heavy methods can introduce error propagation and high communication overhead. When agents exchange raw responses or reasoning traces,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yi Li , Songtao Wei , Dongming Jiang , Zhichun Guo , Qiannan Li , Bingzhe Li

This paper introduces a novel transfer learning framework for deep multi-agent reinforcement learning. The approach automatically combines goal-conditioned policies with temporal contrastive learning to discover meaningful sub-goals. The…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Weihao Zeng , Joseph Campbell , Simon Stepputtis , Katia Sycara

Social skills training targets behaviors necessary for success in social interactions. However, traditional classroom training for such skills is often insufficient to teach effective communication -- one-to-one interaction in real-world…

Emergence is a fascinating property of large language models and neural networks more broadly: as models scale and train for longer, they sometimes develop new abilities in sudden ways. Despite initial studies, we still lack a comprehensive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Nicolas Zucchet , Francesco d'Angelo , Andrew K. Lampinen , Stephanie C. Y. Chan

We introduce a self-supervised representation learning method based on the task of temporal alignment between videos. The method trains a network using temporal cycle consistency (TCC), a differentiable cycle-consistency loss that can be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-17 Debidatta Dwibedi , Yusuf Aytar , Jonathan Tompson , Pierre Sermanet , Andrew Zisserman

Federated learning (FL) has enabled training machine learning models exploiting the data of multiple agents without compromising privacy. However, FL is known to be vulnerable to data heterogeneity, partial device participation, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Marina Costantini , Giovanni Neglia , Thrasyvoulos Spyropoulos

State-of-the-art deep learning systems rely on iterative distributed training to tackle the increasing complexity of models and input data. The iteration time in these communication-heavy systems depends on the computation time,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-10-05 Sayed Hadi Hashemi , Sangeetha Abdu Jyothi , Roy H. Campbell

We propose a new dataset TexRel as a playground for the study of emergent communications, in particular for relations. By comparison with other relations datasets, TexRel provides rapid training and experimentation, whilst being…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-28 Hugh Perkins

Traffic signal control (TSC) is a challenging problem within intelligent transportation systems and has been tackled using multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL). While centralized approaches are often infeasible for large-scale TSC…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Rohit Bokade , Xiaoning Jin , Christopher Amato

When are multi-agent LLM systems merely a collection of individual agents versus an integrated collective with higher-order structure? We introduce an information-theoretic framework to test -- in a purely data-driven way -- whether…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Christoph Riedl

Multi-agent systems must decide which agent is the most appropriate for a given task. We propose a novel architecture for recommending which LLM agent out of many should perform a task given a natural language prompt by extending the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Joshua Park , Yongfeng Zhang

LLM-based multi-agent systems (MAS) show promise on complex tasks but remain prone to coordination failures such as goal drift, error cascades, and misaligned behaviors. We propose Explicit Trait Inference (ETI), a psychologically grounded…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Suhaib Abdurahman , Etsuko Ishii , Katerina Margatina , Divya Bhargavi , Monica Sunkara , Yi Zhang

Nowadays, cooperative multi-agent systems are used to learn how to achieve goals in large-scale dynamic environments. However, learning in these environments is challenging: from the effect of search space size on learning time to…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Mahnoosh Mahdavimoghaddam , Amin Nikanjam , Monireh Abdoos

We propose an efficient protocol for decentralized training of deep neural networks from distributed data sources. The proposed protocol allows to handle different phases of model training equally well and to quickly adapt to concept…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-14 Michael Kamp , Linara Adilova , Joachim Sicking , Fabian Hüger , Peter Schlicht , Tim Wirtz , Stefan Wrobel

Large Language Models (LLMs) have excelled in various tasks but perform better in high-resource scenarios, which presents challenges in low-resource scenarios. Data scarcity and the inherent difficulty of adapting LLMs to specific tasks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Yuanhao Zeng , Min Wang , Yihang Wang , Yingxia Shao

We formulate and test a technique to use Emergent Communication (EC) with a pre-trained multilingual model to improve on modern Unsupervised NMT systems, especially for low-resource languages. It has been argued that the current dominant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-20 C. M. Downey , Xuhui Zhou , Leo Z. Liu , Shane Steinert-Threlkeld