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Remarkable advancements in modern generative foundation models have enabled the development of sophisticated and highly capable autonomous agents that can observe their environment, invoke tools, and communicate with other agents to solve…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Gagan Bansal , Jennifer Wortman Vaughan , Saleema Amershi , Eric Horvitz , Adam Fourney , Hussein Mozannar , Victor Dibia , Daniel S. Weld

Cybersecurity is being fundamentally reshaped by foundation-model-based artificial intelligence. Large language models now enable autonomous planning, tool orchestration, and strategic adaptation at scale, challenging security architectures…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Tao Li , Quanyan Zhu

Autonomous agent systems powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated promising capabilities in automating complex tasks. However, current evaluations largely rely on success rates without systematically analyzing the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Ruofan Lu , Yichen Li , Yintong Huo

The rapid evolution of large language model (LLM)-driven autonomous agents has given rise to OpenClaw, a new class of open-source agent frameworks that operate as continuously running, skill-augmented systems with persistent memory,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yuntao Wang , Jianle Ba , Han Liu , Yanghe Pan , Jintao Wei , Zhou Su , Tom H. Luan , Linkang Du

Enterprise interest in multi-agent systems has shifted from generic software agents to large-language-model (LLM) based intelligent agents that plan, use tools, maintain contextual memory, inspect intermediate results, collaborate with…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-12 John deVadoss

Agentic AI marks an important transition from single-step generative models to systems capable of reasoning, planning, acting, and adapting over long-lasting tasks. By integrating memory, tool use, and iterative decision cycles, these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Sahaya Jestus Lazer , Kshitiz Aryal , Maanak Gupta , Elisa Bertino

Language model (LM) agents have demonstrated significant potential for automating real-world tasks, yet they pose a diverse array of potential, severe risks in safety-critical scenarios. In this work, we identify a significant gap between…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Yuzhi Tang , Tianxiao Li , Elizabeth Li , Chris J. Maddison , Honghua Dong , Yangjun Ruan

Large Language Model (LLM) agents offer a powerful new paradigm for solving various problems by combining natural language reasoning with the execution of external tools. However, their dynamic and non-transparent behavior introduces…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Peiran Wang , Yang Liu , Yunfei Lu , Yifeng Cai , Hongbo Chen , Qingyou Yang , Jie Zhang , Jue Hong , Ye Wu

As machine learning systems become more powerful they also become increasingly unpredictable and opaque. Yet, finding human-understandable explanations of how they work is essential for their safe deployment. This technical report…

The benchmarks used to evaluate AI agents in security-critical roles suffer from crucial weaknesses. Building on recent empirical evidence, we characterize three core challenges that undermine security evaluations: benchmark…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Sahar Abdelnabi , Chris Hicks , Konrad Rieck , Ahmad-Reza Sadeghi

Embodied Artificial Intelligence (Embodied AI) integrates perception, cognition, planning, and interaction into agents that operate in open-world, safety-critical environments. As these systems gain autonomy and enter domains such as…

As large language models (LLMs) evolve from conversational assistants into autonomous agents, evaluating the safety of their actions becomes critical. Prior safety benchmarks have primarily focused on preventing generation of harmful…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Adi Simhi , Jonathan Herzig , Martin Tutek , Itay Itzhak , Idan Szpektor , Yonatan Belinkov

Third-party skills are becoming the package ecosystem for LLM agents. They package natural-language instructions, helper scripts, templates, documents, and service configuration into reusable workflows. This makes skills useful, but it also…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Haomin Zhuang , Hanwen Xing , Yujun Zhou , Yuchen Ma , Yue Huang , Yili Shen , Yufei Han , Xiangliang Zhang

Autonomous web agents solve complex browsing tasks, yet existing benchmarks measure only whether an agent finishes a task, ignoring whether it does so safely or in a way enterprises can trust. To integrate these agents into critical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Ido Levy , Ben Wiesel , Sami Marreed , Alon Oved , Avi Yaeli , Segev Shlomov

Autonomous computer use agents that powered by multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are emerging as capable assistants for completing complex digital workflows. However, real-world execution environments are far from ideal: pop-ups,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Jingwei Sun , Jianing Zhu , Yuanyi Li , Tongliang Liu , Xia HU , Bo Han

This article presents a modular, component-based architecture for developing and evaluating AI agents that bridge the gap between natural language interfaces and complex enterprise data warehouses. The system directly addresses core…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Nooshin Bahador

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has led to a new era marked by the development of autonomous applications in real-world scenarios, which drives innovation in creating advanced web agents. Existing web agents typically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Hongliang He , Wenlin Yao , Kaixin Ma , Wenhao Yu , Yong Dai , Hongming Zhang , Zhenzhong Lan , Dong Yu

AI agents powered by large language models (LLMs) are being deployed at scale, yet we lack a systematic understanding of how the choice of backbone LLM affects agent security. The non-deterministic sequential nature of AI agents complicates…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Julia Bazinska , Max Mathys , Francesco Casucci , Mateo Rojas-Carulla , Xander Davies , Alexandra Souly , Niklas Pfister

With the advancement of Large-Language Models (LLMs) and Large Vision-Language Models (LVMs), agents have shown significant capabilities in various tasks, such as data analysis, gaming, or code generation. Recently, there has been a surge…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Kihoon Son , Jinhyeon Kwon , DaEun Choi , Tae Soo Kim , Young-Ho Kim , Sangdoo Yun , Juho Kim

Recent progress in (Large) Language Models (LMs) has enabled the development of autonomous LM-based agents capable of executing complex tasks with minimal supervision. These agents have started to be integrated into systems with significant…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Federico Villa , F. Betül Durak , Tadayoshi Kohno , Tapdig Maharramli , Franziska Roesner