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Query expansion aims to mitigate the mismatch between the language used in a query and in a document. However, query expansion methods can suffer from introducing non-relevant information when expanding the query. To bridge this gap,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-11-04 Zhi Zheng , Kai Hui , Ben He , Xianpei Han , Le Sun , Andrew Yates

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has recently demonstrated the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) in the knowledge-intensive tasks such as Question-Answering (QA). RAG expands the query context by incorporating external…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Zijian Hei , Weiling Liu , Wenjie Ou , Juyi Qiao , Junming Jiao , Guowen Song , Ting Tian , Yi Lin

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive results on a variety of text understanding tasks. Search queries though pose a unique challenge, given their short-length and lack of nuance or context. Complicated feature engineering…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Krishna Srinivasan , Karthik Raman , Anupam Samanta , Lingrui Liao , Luca Bertelli , Mike Bendersky

The remarkable ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) to understand and follow instructions has sometimes been limited by their in-context learning (ICL) performance in low-resource languages. To address this, we introduce a novel approach…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Xiaoqian Li , Ercong Nie , Sheng Liang

Search-based test generators are effective at producing unit tests with high coverage. However, such automatically generated tests have no meaningful test and variable names, making them hard to understand and interpret by developers. On…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Matteo Biagiola , Gianluca Ghislotti , Paolo Tonella

Search-augmented large language models (LLMs) excel at knowledge-intensive tasks by integrating external retrieval. However, they often over-search -- unnecessarily invoking search tool even when it does not improve response quality, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Roy Xie , Deepak Gopinath , David Qiu , Dong Lin , Haitian Sun , Saloni Potdar , Bhuwan Dhingra

Large language models (LLMs) can face factual limitations when responding to time-sensitive queries about recent events that arise after their knowledge thresholds in the training corpus. Existing search-augmented approaches fall into two…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Wentao Shi , Yiqing Shen

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive prowess in solving a wide range of tasks with world knowledge. However, it remains unclear how well LLMs are able to perceive their factual knowledge boundaries, particularly under…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Ruiyang Ren , Yuhao Wang , Yingqi Qu , Wayne Xin Zhao , Jing Liu , Hao Tian , Hua Wu , Ji-Rong Wen , Haifeng Wang

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) is a technique used to augment Large Language Models (LLMs) with contextually relevant, time-critical, or domain-specific information without altering the underlying model parameters. However,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Laurent Mombaerts , Terry Ding , Adi Banerjee , Florian Felice , Jonathan Taws , Tarik Borogovac

Data augmentation is a widely used strategy to improve model robustness and generalization by enriching training datasets with synthetic examples. While large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong generative capabilities for this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Dongkyu Cho , Miao Zhang , Rumi Chunara

The proliferation of fake news has had far-reaching implications on politics, the economy, and society at large. While Fake news detection methods have been employed to mitigate this issue, they primarily depend on two essential elements:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Guanghua Li , Wensheng Lu , Wei Zhang , Defu Lian , Kezhong Lu , Rui Mao , Kai Shu , Hao Liao

Large language models (LLMs) are at the forefront of transforming numerous domains globally. However, their inclusivity and effectiveness remain limited for non-Latin scripts and low-resource languages. This paper tackles the imperative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Somnath Kumar , Vaibhav Balloli , Mercy Ranjit , Kabir Ahuja , Tanuja Ganu , Sunayana Sitaram , Kalika Bali , Akshay Nambi

The capacity of large language models (LLMs) to generate honest, harmless, and helpful responses heavily relies on the quality of user prompts. However, these prompts often tend to be brief and vague, thereby significantly limiting the full…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Xiaohua Wang , Zisu Huang , Feiran Zhang , Zhibo Xu , Cenyuan Zhang , Qi Qian , Xiaoqing Zheng , Xuanjing Huang

Query expansion is a well known method to improve the performance of information retrieval systems. In this work we have tested different approaches to extract the candidate query terms from the top ranked documents returned by the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2008-12-18 José R. Pérez-Agüera , Lourdes Araujo

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly improved their performance across various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. However, LLMs still struggle with generating non-factual responses due to limitations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Taeho Hwang , Soyeong Jeong , Sukmin Cho , SeungYoon Han , Jong C. Park

Large Language Models (LLMs) play powerful, black-box readers in the retrieve-then-read pipeline, making remarkable progress in knowledge-intensive tasks. This work introduces a new framework, Rewrite-Retrieve-Read instead of the previous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Xinbei Ma , Yeyun Gong , Pengcheng He , Hai Zhao , Nan Duan

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at tackling various natural language tasks. However, due to the significant costs involved in re-training or fine-tuning them, they remain largely static and difficult to personalize. Nevertheless, a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Jinheon Baek , Nirupama Chandrasekaran , Silviu Cucerzan , Allen herring , Sujay Kumar Jauhar

Cross-lingual context retrieval (extracting contextual information in one language based on requests in another) is a fundamental aspect of cross-lingual alignment, but the performance and mechanism of it for large language models (LLMs)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Changjiang Gao , Hankun Lin , Xin Huang , Xue Han , Junlan Feng , Chao Deng , Jiajun Chen , Shujian Huang

Systematic reviews are comprehensive literature reviews that address highly focused research questions and represent the highest form of evidence in medicine. A critical step in this process is the development of complex Boolean queries to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Shuai Wang , Harrisen Scells , Bevan Koopman , Guido Zuccon

Cross-lingual document search is an information retrieval task in which the queries' language differs from the documents' language. In this paper, we study the instability of neural document search models and propose a novel end-to-end…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Jiapeng Liu , Xiao Zhang , Dan Goldwasser , Xiao Wang
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