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We present a method for sampling-based model predictive control that makes use of a generic physics simulator as the dynamical model. In particular, we propose a Model Predictive Path Integral controller (MPPI), that uses the…

We present a sampling-based control approach that can generate smooth actions for general nonlinear systems without external smoothing algorithms. Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) control has been utilized in numerous robotic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Taekyung Kim , Gyuhyun Park , Kiho Kwak , Jihwan Bae , Wonsuk Lee

Sampling-based model predictive control (MPC) is effective for nonlinear systems but often produces non-smooth control inputs due to random sampling. To address this issue, we extend the model predictive path integral (MPPI) framework with…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-08 Markus Walker , Marcel Reith-Braun , Tai Hoang , Gerhard Neumann , Uwe D. Hanebeck

Ensuring safe physical interaction between torque-controlled manipulators and humans is essential for deploying robots in everyday environments. Model Predictive Control (MPC) has emerged as a suitable framework thanks to its capacity to…

Model Predictive Path Integral control is a powerful sampling-based approach suitable for complex robotic tasks due to its flexibility in handling nonlinear dynamics and non-convex costs. However, its applicability in real-time,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Tommaso Belvedere , Michael Ziegltrum , Giulio Turrisi , Valerio Modugno

Legged robots possess a unique ability to traverse rough terrains and navigate cluttered environments, making them well-suited for complex, real-world unstructured scenarios. However, such robots have not yet achieved the same level as seen…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Hossein Keshavarz , Alejandro Ramirez-Serrano , Majid Khadiv

Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) control has emerged as a powerful sampling-based optimal control method for complex, nonlinear, and high-dimensional systems. However, directly applying MPPI to legged robotic systems presents several…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-06 Chuyuan Tao , Fanxin Wang , Haolong Jiang , Jia He , Yiyang Chen , Qinglei Bu

Sampling-based Model Predictive Control (MPC) has been a practical and effective approach in many domains, notably model-based reinforcement learning, thanks to its flexibility and parallelizability. Despite its appealing empirical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Zeji Yi , Chaoyi Pan , Guanqi He , Guannan Qu , Guanya Shi

Biomimetic and compliant robotic hands offer the potential for human-like dexterity, but controlling them is challenging due to high dimensionality, complex contact interactions, and uncertainties in state estimation. Sampling-based model…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Adrian Hess , Alexander M. Kübler , Benedek Forrai , Mehmet Dogar , Robert K. Katzschmann

This paper presents a contact-implicit model predictive control (MPC) framework for the real-time discovery of multi-contact motions, without predefined contact mode sequences or foothold positions. This approach utilizes the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Gijeong Kim , Dongyun Kang , Joon-Ha Kim , Seungwoo Hong , Hae-Won Park

Sampling-based model predictive control methods like MPPI and CEM are essential for real-time control of nonlinear robotic systems, particularly where discontinuous dynamics preclude gradient-based optimization. However, these methods…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Vincent Pacelli , Akash Ratheesh , Evangelos A. Theodorou

Sampling-based model predictive control (MPC) algorithms, such as model predictive path integral (MPPI), enable approximate, gradient-free solutions to optimal control problems by drawing samples from a proposal distribution, evaluating…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-11 Markus Walker , Marcel Reith-Braun , Daniel Frisch , Uwe D. Hanebeck

Navigating safely in dynamic and uncertain environments is challenging due to uncertainties in perception and motion. This letter presents the Chance-Constrained Unscented Model Predictive Path Integral (C2U-MPPI) framework, a robust…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Ihab S. Mohamed , Mahmoud Ali , Lantao Liu

We present a sampling-based Model Predictive Control (MPC) method that implements Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) as an \emph{Ising machine}, suitable for novel forms of probabilistic computing. By expressing the control problem as a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-18 Lorin Werthen-Brabants , Pieter Simoens

We present a model predictive controller (MPC) that automatically discovers collision-free locomotion while simultaneously taking into account the system dynamics, friction constraints, and kinematic limitations. A relaxed barrier function…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-26 Magnus Gaertner , Marko Bjelonic , Farbod Farshidian , Marco Hutter

This paper presents a tutorial and survey on Probabilistic Inference-based Model Predictive Control (PI-MPC). PI-MPC reformulates finite-horizon optimal control as inference over an optimal control distribution expressed as a Boltzmann…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Kohei Honda

This paper presents a novel envelope based model predictive control (MPC) framework designed to enable autonomous vehicles to handle high performance driving across a wide range of scenarios without a predefined reference. In high…

We propose a model predictive control (MPC) scheme with sampled-data input which ensures output-reference tracking within prescribed error bounds for relative-degree-one systems. Hereby, we explicitly deduce bounds on the required maximal…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-03-28 Dario Dennstädt , Lukas Lanza , Karl Worthmann

Sampling-based model predictive control (MPC) offers strong performance in nonlinear and contact-rich robotic tasks, yet often suffers from poor exploration due to locally greedy sampling schemes. We propose \emph{Model Tensor Planning}…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-05 An T. Le , Khai Nguyen , Minh Nhat Vu , João Carvalho , Jan Peters

Sampling-based controllers, such as Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) methods, offer substantial flexibility but often suffer from high variance and low sample efficiency. To address these challenges, we introduce a hybrid…

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