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Deep neural networks are commonly used for medical purposes such as image generation, segmentation, or classification. Besides this, they are often criticized as black boxes as their decision process is often not human interpretable.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Jana Fragemann , Lynton Ardizzone , Jan Egger , Jens Kleesiek

Recent advances in differentiable rendering have sparked an interest in learning generative models of textured 3D meshes from image collections. These models natively disentangle pose and appearance, enable downstream applications in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-18 Dario Pavllo , Jonas Kohler , Thomas Hofmann , Aurelien Lucchi

Nuclei segmentation is a fundamental task that is critical for various computational pathology applications including nuclei morphology analysis, cell type classification, and cancer grading. Conventional vision-based methods for nuclei…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-23 Faisal Mahmood , Daniel Borders , Richard Chen , Gregory N. McKay , Kevan J. Salimian , Alexander Baras , Nicholas J. Durr

Micro-CT scanning of rocks significantly enhances our understanding of pore-scale physics in porous media. With advancements in pore-scale simulation methods, such as pore network models, it is now possible to accurately simulate multiphase…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-19 Zihan Ren , Sanjay Srinivasan

Previous animatable 3D-aware GANs for human generation have primarily focused on either the human head or full body. However, head-only videos are relatively uncommon in real life, and full body generation typically does not deal with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Yue Wu , Sicheng Xu , Jianfeng Xiang , Fangyun Wei , Qifeng Chen , Jiaolong Yang , Xin Tong

Automated segmentation can assist radiotherapy treatment planning by saving manual contouring efforts and reducing intra-observer and inter-observer variations. The recent development of deep learning approaches has revoluted medical data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Zhuangzhuang Zhang , Tianyu Zhao , Hiram Gay , Baozhou Sun , Weixiong Zhang

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) are a class of unsupervised machine learning algorithms that can produce realistic images from randomly-sampled vectors in a multi-dimensional space. Until recently, it was not possible to generate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-10 Andrew Beers , James Brown , Ken Chang , J. Peter Campbell , Susan Ostmo , Michael F. Chiang , Jayashree Kalpathy-Cramer

We introduce Hair-GANs, an architecture of generative adversarial networks, to recover the 3D hair structure from a single image. The goal of our networks is to build a parametric transformation from 2D hair maps to 3D hair structure. The…

Graphics · Computer Science 2018-11-16 Meng Zhang , Youyi Zheng

In the upcoming years, artificial intelligence (AI) is going to transform the practice of medicine in most of its specialties. Deep learning can help achieve better and earlier problem detection, while reducing errors on diagnosis. By…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-07 Julie Payette , Sylvain G. Cloutier , Fabrice Vaussenat

Recently, it has become progressively more evident that classic diagnostic labels are unable to reliably describe the complexity and variability of several clinical phenotypes. This is particularly true for a broad range of neuropsychiatric…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Giovanna Maria Dimitri , Simeon Spasov , Andrea Duggento , Luca Passamonti , Pietro Li`o , Nicola Toschi

Medical image translation is the process of converting from one imaging modality to another, in order to reduce the need for multiple image acquisitions from the same patient. This can enhance the efficiency of treatment by reducing the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-03 Juhyung Ha , Jong Sung Park , David Crandall , Eleftherios Garyfallidis , Xuhong Zhang

In this research, we introduce an innovative method for synthesizing medical images using generative adversarial networks (GANs). Our proposed GANs method demonstrates the capability to produce realistic synthetic images even when trained…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-28 Yinqiu Feng , Bo Zhang , Lingxi Xiao , Yutian Yang , Tana Gegen , Zexi Chen

Computed tomography (CT) can provide a 3D view of the patient's internal organs, facilitating disease diagnosis, but it incurs more radiation dose to a patient and a CT scanner is much more cost prohibitive than an X-ray machine too.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-05-17 Xingde Ying , Heng Guo , Kai Ma , Jian Wu , Zhengxin Weng , Yefeng Zheng

Transfer learning from natural images to medical images has been established as one of the most practical paradigms in deep learning for medical image analysis. To fit this paradigm, however, 3D imaging tasks in the most prominent imaging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-18 Zongwei Zhou , Vatsal Sodha , Jiaxuan Pang , Michael B. Gotway , Jianming Liang

Utilizing 3D point cloud data has become an urgent need for the deployment of artificial intelligence in many areas like facial recognition and self-driving. However, deep learning for 3D point clouds is still vulnerable to adversarial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-22 Xuelong Dai , Yanjie Li , Hua Dai , Bin Xiao

Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) are a recent advancement in unsupervised machine learning. They are a cat-and-mouse game between two neural networks: [1] a discriminator network which learns to validate whether a sample is real or…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-06-23 Olivia Curtis , Tereasa G. Brainerd

Recent advances in deep learning for tomographic reconstructions have shown great potential to create accurate and high quality images with a considerable speed-up. In this work we present a deep neural network that is specifically designed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-07 Andreas Hauptmann , Felix Lucka , Marta Betcke , Nam Huynh , Jonas Adler , Ben Cox , Paul Beard , Sebastien Ourselin , Simon Arridge

Since technology is advancing so quickly in the modern era of information, data is becoming an essential resource in many fields. Correct data collection, organization, and analysis make it a potent tool for successful decision-making,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Dilsat Berin Aytar , Semra Gunduc

The MR-Linac can enable real-time radiotherapy adaptation. However, real-time image acquisition is restricted to 2D to obtain sufficient spatial resolution, hindering accurate 3D segmentation. By reducing spatial resolution fast 3D imaging…

Medical Physics · Physics 2023-10-18 Samuel Fransson , David Tilly , Robin Strand

We describe an adversarial learning approach to constrain convolutional neural network training for image registration, replacing heuristic smoothness measures of displacement fields often used in these tasks. Using minimally-invasive…