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This paper focuses on monolithic Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), which integrate visual encoding and language decoding into a single model. Existing structures and pre-training strategies for monolithic MLLMs often suffer from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Gen Luo , Wenhan Dou , Wenhao Li , Zhaokai Wang , Xue Yang , Changyao Tian , Hao Li , Weiyun Wang , Wenhai Wang , Xizhou Zhu , Yu Qiao , Jifeng Dai

Prompt Tuning, conditioning on task-specific learned prompt vectors, has emerged as a data-efficient and parameter-efficient method for adapting large pretrained vision-language models to multiple downstream tasks. However, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Sheng Shen , Shijia Yang , Tianjun Zhang , Bohan Zhai , Joseph E. Gonzalez , Kurt Keutzer , Trevor Darrell

While significant advancements have been made in compressed representations for text embeddings in large language models (LLMs), the compression of visual tokens in multi-modal LLMs (MLLMs) has remained a largely overlooked area. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Jieneng Chen , Luoxin Ye , Ju He , Zhao-Yang Wang , Daniel Khashabi , Alan Yuille

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have shown significant visual reasoning capabilities by connecting a visual encoder and a large language model. LMMs typically take in a fixed and large amount of visual tokens, such as the penultimate layer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yuzhang Shang , Mu Cai , Bingxin Xu , Yong Jae Lee , Yan Yan

Recently, visual token pruning has been studied to handle the vast number of visual tokens in Multimodal Large Language Models. However, we observe that while existing pruning methods perform reliably on simple visual understanding, they…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Jiwan Kim , Kibum Kim , Wonjoong Kim , Byung-Kwan Lee , Chanyoung Park

While multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) have made significant progress in recent years, the issue of hallucinations remains a major challenge. To mitigate this phenomenon, existing solutions either introduce additional data for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Fengyuan Sun , Hui Chen , Xinhao Xu , Dandan Zheng , Jingdong Chen , Jun Zhou , Jungong Han , Guiguang Ding

Visual language models encounter challenges in computational efficiency and latency, primarily due to the substantial redundancy in the token representations of high-resolution images and videos. Current attention/similarity-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Dehua Zheng , Mouxiao Huang , Borui Jiang , Hailin Hu , Xinghao Chen

In this paper, we introduce LightVLM, a simple but effective method that can be seamlessly deployed upon existing Vision-Language Models (VLMs) to greatly accelerate the inference process in a training-free manner. We divide the inference…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Lianyu Hu , Fanhua Shang , Wei Feng , Liang Wan

Prevailing Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) encode the input image(s) as vision tokens and feed them into the language backbone, similar to how Large Language Models (LLMs) process the text tokens. However, the number of vision…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Shiyu Zhao , Zhenting Wang , Felix Juefei-Xu , Xide Xia , Miao Liu , Xiaofang Wang , Mingfu Liang , Ning Zhang , Dimitris N. Metaxas , Licheng Yu

Video temporal grounding (VTG) is a critical task in video understanding and a key capability for extending video large language models (Vid-LLMs) to broader applications. However, existing Vid-LLMs rely on uniform frame sampling to extract…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Rong Fan , Kaiyan Xiao , Minghao Zhu , Liuyi Wang , Kai Dai , Zhao Yang

Despite the rapid progress of multimodal large language models (MLLMs), they have largely overlooked the importance of visual processing. In a simple yet revealing experiment, we interestingly find that language-only models, when provided…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Yuting Li , Lai Wei , Kaipeng Zheng , Jingyuan Huang , Guilin Li , Bo Wang , Linghe Kong , Lichao Sun , Weiran Huang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved notable gains in various tasks by incorporating Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning in language spaces. Recent work extends this direction by leveraging external tools for visual editing,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Bangzheng Li , Ximeng Sun , Jiang Liu , Ze Wang , Jialian Wu , Xiaodong Yu , Hao Chen , Emad Barsoum , Muhao Chen , Zicheng Liu

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are powerful tools for processing and understanding text and images. We study the processing of visual tokens in the language model component of LLaVA, a prominent VLM. Our approach focuses on analyzing the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Clement Neo , Luke Ong , Philip Torr , Mor Geva , David Krueger , Fazl Barez

Pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) have achieved impressive results in a range of vision-language tasks. However, popular VLMs usually consist of hundreds of millions of parameters which brings challenges for fine-tuning and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Tiannan Wang , Wangchunshu Zhou , Yan Zeng , Xinsong Zhang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) incur significant computational cost from processing numerous vision tokens through all LLM layers. Prior pruning methods operate either before the LLM, limiting generality due to diverse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Omer Faruk Deniz , Ruiyu Mao , Ruochen Li , Yapeng Tian , Latifur Khan

Visual token pruning aims to compress and prune redundant visual tokens which play a critical role in efficient inference with large vision-language models (LVLMs). However, most existing work estimates visual redundancy using a single…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Duo Li , Zuhao Yang , Xiaoqin Zhang , Ling Shao , Shijian Lu

Hyperscaling of data and parameter count in LLMs is yielding diminishing improvement when weighed against training costs, underlining a growing need for more efficient finetuning and inference without sacrificing performance. This is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Moulik Choraria , Xinbo Wu , Akhil Bhimaraju , Nitesh Sekhar , Yue Wu , Xu Zhang , Prateek Singhal , Lav R. Varshney

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are expensive because the LLM processes hundreds of largely redundant visual tokens. Existing token reduction methods typically exploit \textit{either} vision-encoder saliency (broad but query-agnostic)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Dhruv Parikh , Haoyang Fan , Rajgopal Kannan , Viktor Prasanna

Long-form video understanding remains challenging for Video Large Language Models (VideoLLMs), as the dense frame sampling introduces massive visual tokens while sparse sampling risks missing critical temporal evidence and leading to LLM…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Jiameng Li , Minye Wu , Jiezhang Cao , Aleksei Tiulpin , Matthew B. Blaschko

Efficient vision-language understanding of large Remote Sensing Images (RSIs) is meaningful but challenging. Current Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) typically employ limited pre-defined grids to process images, leading to information…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Junwei Luo , Yingying Zhang , Xue Yang , Kang Wu , Qi Zhu , Lei Liang , Jingdong Chen , Yansheng Li