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Simulated Students offer a valuable methodological framework for evaluating pedagogical approaches and modelling diverse learner profiles, tasks which are otherwise challenging to undertake systematically in real-world settings. Recent…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Luis Marquez-Carpintero , Alberto Lopez-Sellers , Miguel Cazorla

As mental health issues continue to rise globally, there is an increasing demand for accessible and scalable therapeutic solutions. Many individuals currently seek support from Large Language Models (LLMs), even though these models have not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Navdeep Singh Bedi , Ana-Maria Bucur , Noriko Kando , Fabio Crestani

Personalized text generation presents a specialized mechanism for delivering content that is specific to a user's personal context. While the research progress in this area has been rapid, evaluation still presents a challenge. Traditional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Yaqing Wang , Jiepu Jiang , Mingyang Zhang , Cheng Li , Yi Liang , Qiaozhu Mei , Michael Bendersky

Synthetic data has the potential to improve the performance, training efficiency, and privacy of real training examples. Nevertheless, existing approaches for synthetic text generation are mostly heuristics and cannot generate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Dang Nguyen , Zeman Li , Mohammadhossein Bateni , Vahab Mirrokni , Meisam Razaviyayn , Baharan Mirzasoleiman

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant performance improvements across various cognitive tasks. An emerging application is using LLMs to enhance retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) capabilities. These systems require…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Satyapriya Krishna , Kalpesh Krishna , Anhad Mohananey , Steven Schwarcz , Adam Stambler , Shyam Upadhyay , Manaal Faruqui

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely applied in educational practices, such as for generating children's stories. However, the generated stories are often too difficult for children to read, and the operational cost of LLMs hinders their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Qian Shen , Fanghua Cao , Min Yao , Shlok Gilda , Bonnie J. Dorr , Walter L. Leite

Large language models have recently demonstrated remarkable abilities to self-correct their responses through iterative refinement, often referred to as self-consistency or self-reflection. However, the dynamics of this self-correction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Hossein A. Rahmani , Satyapriya Krishna , Xi Wang , Mohammadmehdi Naghiaei , Emine Yilmaz

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a crucial technique for enhancing the accuracy of Large Language Models (LLMs) by incorporating external information. With the advent of LLMs that support increasingly longer context…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Quinn Leng , Jacob Portes , Sam Havens , Matei Zaharia , Michael Carbin

Large language models (LLMs) enable researchers to analyze text at unprecedented scale and minimal cost. Researchers can now revisit old questions and tackle novel ones with rich data. We provide an econometric framework for realizing this…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-12-08 Jens Ludwig , Sendhil Mullainathan , Ashesh Rambachan

Queries to large language models (LLMs) can be divided into two parts: the instruction/question and the accompanying context. The context for retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems in most benchmarks comes from Wikipedia or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Benjamin Reichman , Adar Avsian , Larry Heck

Creating effective educational materials generally requires expensive and time-consuming studies of student learning outcomes. To overcome this barrier, one idea is to build computational models of student learning and use them to optimize…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Joy He-Yueya , Noah D. Goodman , Emma Brunskill

Personalized learning has gained attention in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) education, where engagement and motivation play crucial roles in reading comprehension. We propose a novel approach to generating personalized English reading…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Jieun Han , Daniel Lee , Haneul Yoo , Jinsung Yoon , Junyeong Park , Suin Kim , So-Yeon Ahn , Alice Oh

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable progress in linguistic tasks, necessitating robust evaluation frameworks to understand their capabilities and limitations. Inspired by Feynman's principle of understanding through…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Zhiquan Tan , Lai Wei , Jindong Wang , Xing Xie , Weiran Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been widely applied to student-facing educational tools, this work explores their use in supporting instructors by presenting a practical adaptation of the Framework for Adaptive Content using Educational…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Franco Ortiz , Runlong Ye , Michael Liut

In this paper, we study the task of improving the cohesion and coherence of long-form text generated by language models. To this end, we propose RSTGen, a framework that utilises Rhetorical Structure Theory (RST), a classical language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Rilwan A. Adewoyin , Ritabrata Dutta , Yulan He

The evaluation of natural language generation (NLG) tasks is a significant and longstanding research area. With the recent emergence of powerful large language models (LLMs), some studies have turned to LLM-based automatic evaluation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Xinyu Hu , Li Lin , Mingqi Gao , Xunjian Yin , Xiaojun Wan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated remarkable capabilities in natural language processing tasks and beyond. This success of LLMs has led to a large influx of research contributions in this direction. These works…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Humza Naveed , Asad Ullah Khan , Shi Qiu , Muhammad Saqib , Saeed Anwar , Muhammad Usman , Naveed Akhtar , Nick Barnes , Ajmal Mian

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance in various natural language processing tasks but face challenges in mathematical reasoning, where complex problem-solving requires both linguistic understanding and mathematical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Shuguang Chen , Guang Lin

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable success across a wide range of natural language generation tasks, where proper prompt designs make great impacts. While existing prompting methods are normally restricted to providing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Bei Li , Rui Wang , Junliang Guo , Kaitao Song , Xu Tan , Hany Hassan , Arul Menezes , Tong Xiao , Jiang Bian , JingBo Zhu

Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM) relies on the powerful LLM to perform multimodal tasks, showing amazing emergent abilities in recent studies, such as writing poems based on an image. However, it is difficult for these case studies to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Chaoyou Fu , Peixian Chen , Yunhang Shen , Yulei Qin , Mengdan Zhang , Xu Lin , Jinrui Yang , Xiawu Zheng , Ke Li , Xing Sun , Yunsheng Wu , Rongrong Ji , Caifeng Shan , Ran He