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With the proliferation of spatio-textual data, Top-k KNN spatial keyword queries (TkQs), which return a list of objects based on a ranking function that considers both spatial and textual relevance, have found many real-life applications.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-11-15 Ziqi Yin , Shanshan Feng , Shang Liu , Gao Cong , Yew Soon Ong , Bin Cui

Multimodal language models (MLMs) perform well on semantic vision-language tasks but fail at spatial reasoning that requires adopting another agent's visual perspective. These errors reflect a persistent egocentric bias and raise questions…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Bridget Leonard , Scott O. Murray

Ensemble models in E-commerce combine predictions from multiple sub-models for ranking and revenue improvement. Industrial ensemble models are typically deep neural networks, following the supervised learning paradigm to infer conversion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-03 Xuesi Wang , Guangda Huzhang , Qianying Lin , Qing Da

The rapid proliferation of generative 3D models has created a critical bottleneck in animation pipelines: rigging. Existing automated methods are fundamentally limited by their approach to skinning, treating it as an ill-posed,…

Graphics · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Jia-peng Zhang , Cheng-Feng Pu , Meng-Hao Guo , Yan-Pei Cao , Shi-Min Hu

The design of modern recommender systems relies on understanding which parts of the feature space are relevant for solving a given recommendation task. However, real-world data sets in this domain are often characterized by their large…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Blaž Škrlj , Blaž Mramor

In Transformer architectures, tokens\textemdash discrete units derived from raw data\textemdash are formed by segmenting inputs into fixed-length chunks. Each token is then mapped to an embedding, enabling parallel attention computations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Zhenglun Kong , Yize Li , Fanhu Zeng , Lei Xin , Shvat Messica , Xue Lin , Pu Zhao , Manolis Kellis , Hao Tang , Marinka Zitnik

The Key-Value (KV) cache is the primary memory bottleneck in long-context Large Language Models, yet it is typically treated as an opaque numerical tensor. In this work, we propose \textbf{STA-Attention}, a framework that utilizes Top-K…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Qingsen Ma , Dianyun Wang , Jiaming Lyu , Yaoye Wang , Lechen Ning , Sujie Zhu , Zhenbo Xu , Liuyu Xiang , Huining Li , Huijia Wu , Zhaofeng He

In previous deep-learning-based methods, semantic segmentation has been regarded as a static or dynamic per-pixel classification task, \textit{i.e.,} classify each pixel representation to a specific category. However, these methods only…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Fangjian Lin , Zhanhao Liang , Sitong Wu , Junjun He , Kai Chen , Shengwei Tian

Multi-modal recommendation has gained traction as items possess rich attributes like text and images. Semantic ID-based approaches effectively discretize this information into compact tokens. However, two challenges persist: (1) Suboptimal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Pingjun Pan , Tingting Zhou , Peiyao Lu , Tingting Fei , Hongxiang Chen , Chuanjiang Luo

In e-commerce ranking, implicit user feedback is systematically confounded by Position Bias -- the strong propensity of users to interact with top-ranked items regardless of relevance. While Deep Learning architectures (e.g., Two-Tower…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Vipul Dinesh Pawar

Multi-step reasoning ability of large language models is crucial in tasks such as math and tool utilization. Current researches predominantly focus on enhancing model performance in these multi-step reasoning tasks through fine-tuning with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Yuli Qiu , Jiashu Yao , Heyan Huang , Yuhang Guo

World models have been developed to support sample-efficient deep reinforcement learning agents. However, it remains challenging for world models to accurately replicate environments that are high-dimensional, non-stationary, and composed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Yosuke Nishimoto , Takashi Matsubara

Classification tasks require a balanced distribution of data to ensure the learner to be trained to generalize over all classes. In real-world datasets, however, the number of instances vary substantially among classes. This typically leads…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Joel Jang , Yoonjeon Kim , Kyoungho Choi , Sungho Suh

State-of-the-art sparse attention methods for reducing decoding latency fall into two main categories: approximate top-$k$ (and its extension, top-$p$) and recently introduced sampling-based estimation. However, these approaches are…

Transformers have achieved remarkable success in several domains, ranging from natural language processing to computer vision. Nevertheless, it has been recently shown that stacking self-attention layers - the distinctive architectural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Lorenzo Noci , Sotiris Anagnostidis , Luca Biggio , Antonio Orvieto , Sidak Pal Singh , Aurelien Lucchi

The Transformer architecture, a cornerstone of modern Large Language Models (LLMs), has achieved extraordinary success in sequence modeling, primarily due to its attention mechanism. However, despite its power, the standard attention…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Zichuan Fu , Wentao Song , Guojing Li , Yejing Wang , Xian Wu , Yimin Deng , Hanyu Yan , Yefeng Zheng , Xiangyu Zhao

Long-context models are essential for many applications but face inefficiencies in loading large KV caches during decoding. Prior methods enforce fixed token budgets for sparse attention, assuming a set number of tokens can approximate full…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Kan Zhu , Tian Tang , Qinyu Xu , Yile Gu , Zhichen Zeng , Rohan Kadekodi , Liangyu Zhao , Ang Li , Arvind Krishnamurthy , Baris Kasikci

Memory retention mechanisms play a central role in determining the efficiency of computational architectures designed for processing extended sequences. Conventional methods for token management often impose fixed retention thresholds or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Jonathan Delena , Augustin Moreau , Dominic Ravensdale , Frederick Chatterton

Token-level code completion is one of the most critical features in modern Integrated Development Environments (IDEs). It assists developers by suggesting relevant identifiers and APIs during coding. While completions are typically derived…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Daniele Cipollone , Egor Bogomolov , Arie van Deursen , Maliheh Izadi

Linear-attention models that compress the entire input sequence into a fixed-size recurrent state offer an efficient alternative to Transformers, but their finite memory induces forgetfulness that harms retrieval-intensive tasks. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Mutian He , Philip N. Garner