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Language modeling (LM) for automatic speech recognition (ASR) does not usually incorporate utterance level contextual information. For some domains like voice assistants, however, additional context, such as the time at which an utterance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-04 Richard Diehl Martinez , Scott Novotney , Ivan Bulyko , Ariya Rastrow , Andreas Stolcke , Ankur Gandhe

A crucial part of an accurate and reliable spoken language assessment system is the underlying ASR model. Recently, large-scale pre-trained ASR foundation models such as Whisper have been made available. As the output of these models is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Rao Ma , Mengjie Qian , Mark J. F. Gales , Kate M. Knill

End-to-end multilingual speech recognition models handle multiple languages through a single model, often incorporating language identification to automatically detect the language of incoming speech. Since the common scenario is where the…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Yosuke Kashiwagi , Hayato Futami , Emiru Tsunoo , Siddhant Arora , Shinji Watanabe

Arabic dialect recognition presents a significant challenge in speech technology due to the linguistic diversity of Arabic and the scarcity of large annotated datasets, particularly for underrepresented dialects. This research investigates…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-27 Ghazal Al-Shwayyat , Omer Nezih Gerek

Large-scale multilingual ASR models like Whisper excel in high-resource settings but face challenges in low-resource scenarios, such as rare languages and code-switching (CS), due to computational costs and catastrophic forgetting. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Hongli Yang , Yizhou Peng , Hao Huang , Sheng Li

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) models often struggle with the phonetic, phonological, and morphosyntactic features found in African American English (AAE). This study focuses on two key AAE variables: Consonant Cluster Reduction (CCR)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Hamid Mojarad , Kevin Tang

Code-switching speech recognition has attracted an increasing interest recently, but the need for expert linguistic knowledge has always been a big issue. End-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) simplifies the building of ASR systems…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-02 Ne Luo , Dongwei Jiang , Shuaijiang Zhao , Caixia Gong , Wei Zou , Xiangang Li

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) is widely used in consumer electronics. ASR greatly improves the utility and accessibility of technology, but usually the output is only word sequences without punctuation. This can result in ambiguity in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Andrew Silva , Barry-John Theobald , Nicholas Apostoloff

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) in conversational settings presents unique challenges, including extracting relevant contextual information from previous conversational turns. Due to irrelevant content, error propagation, and redundancy,…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Kun Wei , Bei Li , Hang Lv , Quan Lu , Ning Jiang , Lei Xie

Despite major advancements in Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR), the state-of-the-art ASR systems struggle to deal with impaired speech even with high-resource languages. In Arabic, this challenge gets amplified, with added complexities in…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Massa Baali , Ibrahim Almakky , Shady Shehata , Fakhri Karray

Accented automatic speech recognition (ASR) often degrades due to the limited availability of accented training data. Prior work has explored accent modeling in low-resource settings, but existing approaches typically require minutes to…

We study the problem of evaluating automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems that target dialectal speech input. A major challenge in this case is that the orthography of dialects is typically not standardized. From an ASR evaluation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-09-25 Ahmed Ali , Preslav Nakov , Peter Bell , Steve Renals

End-to-End (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems used in voice assistants often have difficulties recognizing infrequent words personalized to the user, such as names and places. Rare words often have non-trivial pronunciations,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-09 Rahul Pandey , Roger Ren , Qi Luo , Jing Liu , Ariya Rastrow , Ankur Gandhe , Denis Filimonov , Grant Strimel , Andreas Stolcke , Ivan Bulyko

In recent years, automatic speech recognition (ASR) models greatly improved transcription performance both in clean, low noise, acoustic conditions and in reverberant environments. However, all these systems rely on the availability of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-18 Francesco Nespoli , Daniel Barreda , Patrick A. Naylor

This paper proposes a simple yet effective way of regularising the encoder-decoder-based automatic speech recognition (ASR) models that enhance the robustness of the model and improve the generalisation to out-of-domain scenarios. The…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-24 Alexander Polok , Santosh Kesiraju , Karel Beneš , Lukáš Burget , Jan Černocký

This paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of Urdu Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) models. We analyze the performance of three ASR model families: Whisper, MMS, and Seamless-M4T using Word Error Rate (WER), along with a detailed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Samee Arif , Sualeha Farid , Aamina Jamal Khan , Mustafa Abbas , Agha Ali Raza , Awais Athar

This paper addresses end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) for long audio recordings such as lecture and conversational speeches. Most end-to-end ASR models are designed to recognize independent utterances, but contextual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Takaaki Hori , Niko Moritz , Chiori Hori , Jonathan Le Roux

Motivated by the widespread increase in the phenomenon of code-switching between Egyptian Arabic and English in recent times, this paper explores the intricacies of machine translation (MT) and automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Ahmed Heakl , Youssef Zaghloul , Mennatullah Ali , Rania Hossam , Walid Gomaa

Domain-specific speech remains a persistent challenge for automatic speech recognition (ASR), even for state-of-the-art systems like OpenAI's Whisper. We introduce Whisper: Courtside Edition, a novel multi-agent large language model (LLM)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Yonathan Ron , Shiri Gilboa , Tammuz Dubnov

In this paper, we propose a Guided Attention (GA) auxiliary training loss, which improves the effectiveness and robustness of automatic speech recognition (ASR) contextual biasing without introducing additional parameters. A common…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Jiyang Tang , Kwangyoun Kim , Suwon Shon , Felix Wu , Prashant Sridhar , Shinji Watanabe
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