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Recent advances in generative AI have revolutionized visual content creation, yet aligning model outputs with human preferences remains a critical challenge. While Reinforcement Learning (RL) has emerged as a promising approach for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Zeyue Xue , Jie Wu , Yu Gao , Fangyuan Kong , Lingting Zhu , Mengzhao Chen , Zhiheng Liu , Wei Liu , Qiushan Guo , Weilin Huang , Ping Luo

Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) has proven highly effective in enhancing the alignment capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, current adaptations of GRPO for the flow matching-based image generation neglect a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Yawen Shao , Jie Xiao , Kai Zhu , Yu Liu , Wei Zhai , Yang Cao , Zheng-Jun Zha

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models excel in robotic manipulation but are constrained by their heavy reliance on expert demonstrations, leading to demonstration bias and limiting performance. Reinforcement learning (RL) is a vital…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Senyu Fei , Siyin Wang , Li Ji , Ao Li , Shiduo Zhang , Liming Liu , Jinlong Hou , Jingjing Gong , Xianzhong Zhao , Xipeng Qiu

Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) has recently shown strong performance in post-training large language models and vision-language models. It raises a question of whether the GRPO also significantly promotes the test-time adaptation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Yujun Li , Hongyuan Zhang , Yuan Yuan

Despite tremendous recent advances in large model reasoning ability, vision-language models (VLMs) still struggle with detailed visual reasoning, especially when compute resources are limited. To address this challenge, we draw inspiration…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Sunil Kumar , Bowen Zhao , Leo Dirac , Paulina Varshavskaya

Reinforcement learning from verifiable rewards (RLVR), especially with Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO), has shown strong potential for improving the reasoning capabilities of large vision-language models (LVLMs). However, in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Bingqing Jiang , Difan Zou

Critic-free reinforcement learning methods, particularly group policies, have attracted considerable attention for their efficiency in complex tasks. However, these methods rely heavily on multiple sampling and comparisons within the policy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Wenfeng Feng , Penghong Zhao , Guochao Jiang , Chuzhan Hao , Yuewei Zhang , Guohua Liu , Hao Wang

Aligning denoising generative models with human preferences or verifiable rewards remains a key challenge. While policy-gradient online reinforcement learning (RL) offers a principled post-training framework, its direct application is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Bingda Tang , Yuhui Zhang , Xiaohan Wang , Jiayuan Mao , Ludwig Schmidt , Serena Yeung-Levy

Standard reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) trains a reward model on pairwise preference data and then uses it for policy optimization. However, while reward models are optimized to capture relative preferences, existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Kyuseong Choi , Dwaipayan Saha , Woojeong Kim , Anish Agarwal , Raaz Dwivedi

The Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO), a reinforcement learning method used to fine-tune large language models (LLMs), has proved its effectiveness in practical applications such as DeepSeek-R1. It raises a question whether GRPO can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Yanchen Xu , Ziheng Jiao , Hongyuan Zhang , Xuelong Li

Visual-Language-Action (VLA) models have demonstrated strong cross-scenario generalization capabilities in various robotic tasks through large-scale pre-training and task-specific fine-tuning. However, their training paradigm mainly relies…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Zengjue Chen , Runliang Niu , He Kong , Qi Wang , Qianli Xing , Zipei Fan

The effectiveness of Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) depends on preference data that reflect the quality differences that matter in multimodal tasks. Existing pipelines often rely on off-policy perturbations or coarse outcome-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Ya-Qi Yu , Fangyu Hong , Xiangyang Qu , Hao Wang , Gaojie Wu , Qiaoyu Luo , Nuo Xu , Huixin Wang , Wuheng Xu , Yongxin Liao , Zihao Chen , Haonan Li , Ziming Li , Dezhi Peng , Minghui Liao , Jihao Wu , Haoyu Ren , Dandan Tu

Hybrid Group Relative Policy Optimization (Hybrid GRPO) is a reinforcement learning framework that extends Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) and Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) by incorporating empirical multi-sample action…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Soham Sane

Recent studies have demonstrated that Reinforcement Learning (RL), notably Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO), can intrinsically elicit and enhance the reasoning capabilities of Vision-Language Models (VLMs). However, despite the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Xinyu Tian , Shu Zou , Zhaoyuan Yang , Mengqi He , Peter Tu , Jing Zhang

Aligning streaming autoregressive (AR) video generators with human preferences is challenging. Existing reinforcement learning methods predominantly rely on noise-based exploration and SDE-based surrogate policies that are mismatched to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Ruicheng Zhang , Kaixi Cong , Jun Zhou , Zhizhou Zhong , Zunnan Xu , Shuiyang Mao , Wei Liu , Xiu Li

Reinforcement learning has emerged as a dominant technique for fine-tuning the behavior of large language models, with policy optimization (PO) algorithms such as GRPO, DAPO, and Dr. GRPO emerging in rapid succession to advance…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Aeree Cho , Alexander D. Greenhalgh , Jonathan Bodea , Anthony Peng , Duen Horng , Chau

Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) enables stable and preference-oriented updates via group-wise comparisons for post-training video generation. However, GRPO directly optimizes reward-induced advantages. Under sustained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Rui Li , Yuanzhi Liang , Ziqi Ni , Haibing Huang , Chi Zhang , Xuelong Li

We revisit Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) in both on-policy and off-policy optimization regimes. Our motivation comes from recent work on off-policy Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO), which improves training stability, sampling…

Recently, GRPO-based reinforcement learning has shown remarkable progress in optimizing flow-matching models, effectively improving their alignment with task-specific rewards. Within these frameworks, the policy update relies on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Jing Wang , Jiajun Liang , Jie Liu , Henglin Liu , Gongye Liu , Jun Zheng , Wanyuan Pang , Ao Ma , Zhenyu Xie , Xintao Wang , Meng Wang , Pengfei Wan , Xiaodan Liang

Recent progress in generative diffusion models has greatly advanced text-to-video generation. While text-to-video models trained on large-scale, diverse datasets can produce varied outputs, these generations often deviate from user…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Runtao Liu , Haoyu Wu , Zheng Ziqiang , Chen Wei , Yingqing He , Renjie Pi , Qifeng Chen