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This study evaluated generative methods to potentially mitigate AI bias when diagnosing diabetic retinopathy (DR) resulting from training data imbalance, or domain generalization which occurs when deep learning systems (DLS) face concepts…

Diabetic retinopathy is the most important complication of diabetes. Early diagnosis of retinal lesions helps to avoid visual loss or blindness. Due to high-resolution and small-size lesion regions, applying existing methods, such as…

Vision Transformers (ViTs) have successfully been applied to image classification problems where large annotated datasets are available. On the other hand, when fewer annotations are available, such as in biomedical applications, image…

Refractive error, one of the leading cause of visual impairment, can be corrected by simple interventions like prescribing eyeglasses. We trained a deep learning algorithm to predict refractive error from the fundus photographs from…

Industrial vision anomaly detection plays a critical role in the advanced intelligent manufacturing process, while some limitations still need to be addressed under such a context. First, existing reconstruction-based methods struggle with…

Although unprecedented sensitivity and specificity values are reported, recent glaucoma detection deep learning models lack in decision transparency. Here, we propose a methodology that advances explainable deep learning in the field of…

Importance: Ultra-widefield fundus photography (UWF-FP) has shown utility in sickle cell retinopathy screening; however, image artifact may diminish quality and gradeability of images. Objective: To create an automated algorithm for UWF-FP…

Retinal diseases spanning a broad spectrum can be effectively identified and diagnosed using complementary signals from multimodal data. However, multimodal diagnosis in ophthalmic practice is typically challenged in terms of data…

Kidney stone classification from endoscopic images is critical for personalized treatment and recurrence prevention. While convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have shown promise in this task, their limited ability to capture long-range…

Transformers are very powerful tools for a variety of tasks across domains, from text generation to image captioning. However, transformers require substantial amounts of training data, which is often a challenge in biomedical settings,…

The use of vision transformers (ViT) in computer vision is increasing due to limited inductive biases (e.g., locality, weight sharing, etc.) and increased scalability compared to other deep learning methods. This has led to some initial…

Reliable flood detection is critical for disaster management, yet classical deep learning models often struggle with the high-dimensional, nonlinear complexities inherent in remote sensing data. To mitigate these limitations, we introduced…

Artificial intelligence (AI) shows remarkable potential in medical imaging diagnostics, yet most current models require retraining when applied across different clinical settings, limiting their scalability. We introduce GlobeReady, a…

Large vision foundation models have been widely adopted for retinal disease classification without systematic evidence justifying their parameter requirements. In the present work we address two critical questions: First, are large…

The segmentation of retinal vessels is of significance for doctors to diagnose the fundus diseases. However, existing methods have various problems in the segmentation of the retinal vessels, such as insufficient segmentation of retinal…

Deep learning based diagnostic AI systems based on medical images are starting to provide similar performance as human experts. However these data hungry complex systems are inherently black boxes and therefore slow to be adopted for high…

Accurate retinal vessel segmentation is a challenging problem in color fundus image analysis. An automatic retinal vessel segmentation system can effectively facilitate clinical diagnosis and ophthalmological research. Technically, this…

The advancement of AI-assisted myopia screening necessitates the joint diagnosis of both-eye (OU) high myopia (HM) status and the prediction of axial length (AL). This clinical requirement introduces a complex mixed-type (binary-continuous)…

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of blindness worldwide and a common complication of diabetes. As two different imaging tools for DR grading, color fundus photography (CFP) and infrared fundus photography (IFP) are…

Glaucoma leads to permanent vision disability by damaging the optical nerve that transmits visual images to the brain. The fact that glaucoma does not show any symptoms as it progresses and cannot be stopped at the later stages, makes it…