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The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) offers potential solutions to address problems such as shortage of medical resources and low diagnostic consistency in psychiatric clinical practice. Despite this potential, a robust and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Shuyu Liu , Ruoxi Wang , Ling Zhang , Xuequan Zhu , Rui Yang , Xinzhu Zhou , Fei Wu , Zhi Yang , Cheng Jin , Gang Wang

While Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate significant potential in providing accessible mental health support, their practical deployment raises critical trustworthiness concerns due to the domains high-stakes and safety-sensitive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Zixin Xiong , Ziteng Wang , Haotian Fan , Xinjie Zhang , Wenxuan Wang

Although artificial intelligence (AI) shows growing promise for mental health care, current approaches to evaluating AI tools in this domain remain fragmented and poorly aligned with clinical practice, social context, and first-hand user…

The emergence of generative AI chatbots such as ChatGPT has prompted growing public and academic interest in their role as informal mental health support tools. While early rule-based systems have been around for several years, large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Anna-Carolina Haensch

The global mental health crisis is looming with a rapid increase in mental disorders, limited resources, and the social stigma of seeking treatment. As the field of artificial intelligence (AI) has witnessed significant advancements in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Neo Christopher Chung , George Dyer , Lennart Brocki

Recent large language model (LLM)-driven chat assistant systems have integrated memory components to track user-assistant chat histories, enabling more accurate and personalized responses. However, their long-term memory capabilities in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Di Wu , Hongwei Wang , Wenhao Yu , Yuwei Zhang , Kai-Wei Chang , Dong Yu

Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise for mental health support, yet training such models is constrained by the scarcity and sensitivity of real counseling dialogues. In this article, we present MindChat, a privacy-preserving LLM…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Dong Xue , Jicheng Tu , Ming Wang , Xin Yan , Fangzhou Liu , Jie Hu

Large language models (LLMs) offer significant potential in enhancing psychiatric practice, from improving diagnostic accuracy to streamlining clinical documentation and therapeutic support. However, existing evaluation resources heavily…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Aya E. Fouda , Abdelrahamn A. Hassan , Radwa J. Hanafy , Mohammed E. Fouda

Large language models (LLMs) show significant potential in healthcare, prompting numerous benchmarks to evaluate their capabilities. However, concerns persist regarding the reliability of these benchmarks, which often lack clinical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Wenting Chen , Guo Yu , Yiu-Fai Cheung , Meidan Ding , Jie Liu , Zizhan Ma , Wenxuan Wang , Linlin Shen

The emergence of large language models (LLMs) has unlocked boundless possibilities, along with significant challenges. In response, we developed a mental health support chatbot designed to augment professional healthcare, with a strong…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Anandi Dutta , Shivani Mruthyunjaya , Jessica Saddington , Kazi Sifatul Islam

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across various specialist domains and have been integrated into high-stakes areas such as medicine. However, as existing medical-related benchmarks rarely stress-test…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Lin Yang , Yuancheng Yang , Xu Wang , Changkun Liu , Haihua Yang

Evaluating large language models (LLMs) in medicine is crucial because medical applications require high accuracy with little room for error. Current medical benchmarks have three main types: medical exam-based, comprehensive medical, and…

As large language models (LLMs) are embedded into mental health technologies, they are often framed either as tools assisting therapists or autonomous therapeutic systems. Such perspectives overlook their potential to mediate relational…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Jiatao Quan , Ziyue Li , Tian Qi Zhu , Yuxuan Li , Baoying Wang , Wanda Pratt , Nan Gao

Clinical reasoning in medicine is a hypothesis-driven process where physicians refine diagnoses from limited information through targeted history, physical examination, and diagnostic investigations. In contrast, current medical benchmarks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Christopher Chiu , Silviu Pitis , Mihaela van der Schaar

WalledEval is a comprehensive AI safety testing toolkit designed to evaluate large language models (LLMs). It accommodates a diverse range of models, including both open-weight and API-based ones, and features over 35 safety benchmarks…

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) promise to expand mental health interventions by emulating therapeutic techniques, potentially easing barriers to care. Yet there is a lack of real-world empirical evidence evaluating the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Yinzhou Wang , Yimeng Wang , Ye Xiao , Liabette Escamilla , Bianca Augustine , Kelly Crace , Gang Zhou , Yixuan Zhang

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into healthcare settings has gained significant attention, particularly for question-answering tasks. Given the high-stakes nature of healthcare, it is essential to ensure that LLM-generated…

LGBTQ+ community face disproportionate mental health challenges, including higher rates of depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation. Research has shown that LGBTQ+ people have been using large language model-based chatbots, such as…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Yinru Long , Zilin Ma , Yiyang Mei , Zhaoyuan Su

This paper presents ChatCounselor, a large language model (LLM) solution designed to provide mental health support. Unlike generic chatbots, ChatCounselor is distinguished by its foundation in real conversations between consulting clients…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-28 June M. Liu , Donghao Li , He Cao , Tianhe Ren , Zeyi Liao , Jiamin Wu

Despite the utility of Large Language Models (LLMs) across a wide range of tasks and scenarios, developing a method for reliably evaluating LLMs across varied contexts continues to be challenging. Modern evaluation approaches often use LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Steffi Chern , Ethan Chern , Graham Neubig , Pengfei Liu