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In this paper, we propose a Bayesian matrix-variate spatiotemporal modeling framework for jointly analyzing multiple response variables observed at spatial locations over time. The approach relaxes the standard assumption of spatial…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-23 Rodrigo de Souza Bulhões , Marina Silva Paez , Dani Gamerman

Conditional autoregressive (CAR) models are commonly used to capture spatial correlation in areal unit data, and are typically specified as a prior distribution for a set of random effects, as part of a hierarchical Bayesian model. The…

Applications · Statistics 2012-05-17 Duncan Lee , Richard Mitchell

Traditional spatio-temporal models for areal data typically begin with spatial structure imposed at the level of random effects and later extend to include temporal dynamics. We propose an alternative hierarchical modeling framework that…

Hierarchical models for regionally aggregated disease incidence data commonly involve region specific latent random effects that are modeled jointly as having a multivariate Gaussian distribution. The covariance or precision matrix…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-04-30 Abhirup Datta , Sudipto Banerjee , James S. Hodges

We propose a new class of models specifically tailored for spatio-temporal data analysis. To this end, we generalize the spatial autoregressive model with autoregressive and heteroskedastic disturbances, i.e. SARAR(1,1), by exploiting the…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-01-12 Leopoldo Catania , Anna Gloria Billé

The conditional autoregressive (CAR) model, simultaneous autoregressive (SAR) model, and its variants have become the predominant strategies for modeling regional or areal-referenced spatial data. The overwhelming wide-use of the CAR/SAR…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-10-18 Sudipto Saha , Jonathan R. Bradley

In time-series analyses, particularly for finance, generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) models are widely applied statistical tools for modelling volatility clusters (i.e., periods of increased or decreased…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-24 Philipp Otto , Wolfgang Schmid

In many applications, survey data are collected from different survey centers in different regions. It happens that in some circumstances, response variables are completely observed while the covariates have missing values. In this paper,…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-07-07 Zhihua Ma , Guanyu Hu , Ming-Hui Chen

In time-series analyses, particularly for finance, generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) models are widely applied statistical tools for modelling volatility clusters (i.e., periods of increased or decreased…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-10-20 Philipp Otto , Wolfgang Schmid

In this paper, we introduce a new spatial model that incorporates heteroscedastic variance depending on neighboring locations. The proposed process is regarded as the spatial equivalent to the temporal autoregressive conditional…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-10-20 Philipp Otto , Wolfgang Schmid , Robert Garthoff

This paper presents an innovative extension of spatial autoregressive (SAR) models, introducing spatial coefficients specific to each spatial region that evolve over time. The proposed estimation methodology covers both homoscedastic and…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-24 N. A. Cruz , D. A. Romero , O. O. Melo

We develop a new methodology for forecasting matrix-valued time series with historical matrix data and auxiliary vector time series data. We focus on a time series of matrices defined on a static 2-D spatial grid and an auxiliary time…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-25 Hu Sun , Zuofeng Shang , Yang Chen

Standard simultaneous autoregressive (SAR) models typically assume normally distributed errors, an assumption often violated in real-world datasets that frequently exhibit non-normal, skewed, or heavy-tailed characteristics. New SAR models…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-16 Anjana Wijayawardhana , David Gunawan , Thomas Suesse

Current approaches for modeling discrete-valued outcomes associated with spatially-dependent areal units incur computational and theoretical challenges, especially in the Bayesian setting when full posterior inference is desired. As an…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-22 J. Brandon Carter , Catherine A. Calder

We clarify relationships between conditional (CAR) and simultaneous (SAR) autoregressive models. We review the literature on this topic and find that it is mostly incomplete. Our main result is that a SAR model can be written as a unique…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-10-20 Jay M. Ver Hoef , Ephraim M. Hanks , Mevin B. Hooten

We propose a parsimonious spatiotemporal model for time series data on a spatial grid. Our model is capable of dealing with high-dimensional time series data that may be collected at hundreds of locations and capturing the spatial…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-03-02 Yuan Yan , Hsin-Cheng Huang , Marc G. Genton

Although spatial models for areal data are widely used in multilevel settings, the conditions under which spatial and nonspatial random effects yield equivalent posterior inference for regression coefficients have never been formally…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-12 Shuqi Lin , Joshua L. Warren

Data fusion models are widely used in air quality monitoring to integrate in situ and large-scale gridded products, offering spatially complete and temporally detailed estimates. However, traditional Gaussian-based models often…

Applications · Statistics 2026-05-18 M. Daniela Cuba , Craig Wilkie , Marian Scott , Daniela Castro-Camilo

Spatio-temporal areal data can be seen as a collection of time series which are spatially correlated according to a specific neighboring structure. Incorporating the temporal and spatial dimension into a statistical model poses challenges…

Spatial correlation in areal unit count data is typically modelled by a set of random effects that are assigned a conditional autoregressive (CAR) prior distribution. The spatial correlation structure implied by this model depends on a…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-10-22 Duncan Lee , Kitty Meeks
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