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World models are central to building agents that can reason, plan, and generalize beyond their training data. However, research on world models is currently fragmented, with disparate codebases, data pipelines, and evaluation protocols…

Particle-based dynamic occupancy maps were proposed in recent years to model the obstacles in dynamic environments. Current particle-based maps describe the occupancy status in discrete grid form and suffer from the grid size problem,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Gang Chen , Wei Dong , Peng Peng , Javier Alonso-Mora , Xiangyang Zhu

Safety-critical 3D scene understanding tasks necessitate not only accurate but also confident predictions from 3D perception models. This study introduces Calib3D, a pioneering effort to benchmark and scrutinize the reliability of 3D scene…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Lingdong Kong , Xiang Xu , Jun Cen , Wenwei Zhang , Liang Pan , Kai Chen , Ziwei Liu

Urban science has largely relied on universal models, rendering the heterogeneous and locally specific nature of cities effectively invisible. Here we introduce a topological framework that defines and detects localities in human mobility…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-10-21 Hezhishi Jiang , Liyan Xu , Tianshu Li , Jintong Tang , Zekun Chen , Yuxuan Wang , Haoran Liu , Hongmou Zhang , Huanfa Chen , Yu Liu

The increasing availability of urban data offers new opportunities for learning region representations, which can be used as input to machine learning models for downstream tasks such as check-in or crime prediction. While existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Fengze Sun , Yanchuan Chang , Egemen Tanin , Shanika Karunasekera , Jianzhong Qi

Generative agents offer promising capabilities for simulating realistic urban behaviors. However, existing methods oversimplify transportation choices, rely heavily on static agent profiles leading to behavioral homogenization, and inherit…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Xiaotong Ye , Nicolas Bougie , Toshihiko Yamasaki , Narimasa Watanabe

This paper presents a novel method for introducing time into discrete and continuous spatial representations used in mobile robotics, by modelling long-term, pseudo-periodic variations caused by human activities. Unlike previous approaches,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Tomas Krajnik , Tomas Vintr , Sergi Molina , Jaime P. Fentanes , Grzegorz Cielniak , Tom Duckett

Learning world models can teach an agent how the world works in an unsupervised manner. Even though it can be viewed as a special case of sequence modeling, progress for scaling world models on robotic applications such as autonomous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Lunjun Zhang , Yuwen Xiong , Ze Yang , Sergio Casas , Rui Hu , Raquel Urtasun

With the growing availability of urban data and the increasing complexity of societal challenges, visual analytics has become essential for deriving insights into pressing real-world problems. However, analyzing such data is inherently…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Gustavo Moreira , Leonardo Ferreira , Carolina Veiga , Maryam Hosseini , Fabio Miranda

Localization is a key challenge in many robotics applications. In this work we explore LIDAR-based global localization in both urban and natural environments and develop a method suitable for online application. Our approach leverages…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Georgi Tinchev , Adrian Penate-Sanchez , Maurice Fallon

Existing point cloud semantic segmentation networks cannot identify unknown classes and update their knowledge, due to a closed-set and static perspective of the real world, which would induce the intelligent agent to make bad decisions. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Jinfeng Xu , Siyuan Yang , Xianzhi Li , Yuan Tang , Yixue Hao , Long Hu , Min Chen

Extracting high-level structural information from 3D point clouds is challenging but essential for tasks like urban planning or autonomous driving requiring an advanced understanding of the scene at hand. Existing approaches are still not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Lukas Bode , Michael Weinmann , Reinhard Klein

In real-world crowd counting applications, the crowd densities vary greatly in spatial and temporal domains. A detection based counting method will estimate crowds accurately in low density scenes, while its reliability in congested areas…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-03-08 Jiang Liu , Chenqiang Gao , Deyu Meng , Alexander G. Hauptmann

World models have become a central paradigm for learning predictive simulators that support generation, planning, and decision-making. Yet, despite rapid progress in industry-scale interactive video generation, the broader research…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Siqiao Huang , Partha Kaushik , Michael Chen , Hengkai Pan , Kaiwen Geng , Omar Chehab , Fernando Moreno-Pino , Max Simchowitz

Quantum metrology offers a quadratic advantage over classical approaches to parameter estimation problems by utilizing entanglement and nonclassicality. However, the hurdle of actually implementing the necessary quantum probe states and…

State-of-the-art navigation methods leverage a spatial memory to generalize to new environments, but their occupancy maps are limited to capturing the geometric structures directly observed by the agent. We propose occupancy anticipation,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-26 Santhosh K. Ramakrishnan , Ziad Al-Halah , Kristen Grauman

To enable robots to comprehend high-level human instructions and perform complex tasks, a key challenge lies in achieving comprehensive scene understanding: interpreting and interacting with the 3D environment in a meaningful way. This…

An essential prerequisite for unleashing the potential of supervised deep learning algorithms in the area of 3D scene understanding is the availability of large-scale and richly annotated datasets. However, publicly available datasets are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-07 Qingyong Hu , Bo Yang , Sheikh Khalid , Wen Xiao , Niki Trigoni , Andrew Markham

Modeling crowd behavior relies on accurate data of pedestrian movements at a high level of detail. Imaging sensors such as cameras provide a good basis for capturing such detailed pedestrian motion data. However, currently available…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2012-10-11 Stefan Seer , Norbert Brändle , Carlo Ratti

3D semantic scene understanding remains a long-standing challenge in the 3D computer vision community. One of the key issues pertains to limited real-world annotated data to facilitate generalizable models. The common practice to tackle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Duc Nguyen , Yan-Ling Lai , Qilin Zhang , Prabin Gyawali , Benedikt Schwab , Olaf Wysocki , Thomas H. Kolbe