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Chemical reaction mechanisms are the foundation of how chemists evaluate reactivity and feasibility, yet current Computer-Assisted Synthesis Planning (CASP) systems operate without this mechanistic reasoning. We introduce a computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Théo A. Neukomm , Zlatko Jončev , Philippe Schwaller

Molecular property prediction is an increasingly critical task within drug discovery and development. Typically, neural networks can learn molecular properties using graph-based, language-based or feature-based methods. Recent advances in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Philip Spence , Brooks Paige , Anne Osbourn

In this paper, we propose a framework that incorporates experts diagnostics and insights into the analysis of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) using multi-modal learning. To demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach, we create a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-22 Y. Logan , K. Kokilepersaud , G. Kwon , G. AlRegib , C. Wykoff , H. Yu

In the process of exploring the world, the curiosity constantly drives humans to cognize new things. Supposing you are a zoologist, for a presented animal image, you can recognize it immediately if you know its class. Otherwise, you would…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-15 Chuanxing Geng , Lue Tao , Songcan Chen

MolProphecy is a human-in-the-loop (HITL) multi-modal framework designed to integrate chemists' domain knowledge into molecular property prediction models. While molecular pre-trained models have enabled significant gains in predictive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Jianping Zhao , Qiong Zhou , Tian Wang , Yusi Fan , Qian Yang , Li Jiao , Chang Liu , Zhehao Guo , Qi Lu , Fengfeng Zhou , Ruochi Zhang

Virtual Screening is an essential technique in the early phases of drug discovery, aimed at identifying promising drug candidates from vast molecular libraries. Recently, ligand-based virtual screening has garnered significant attention due…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-11-22 Gengmo Zhou , Zhen Wang , Feng Yu , Guolin Ke , Zhewei Wei , Zhifeng Gao

Two-dimensional (2D) materials and their heterostructures, with wafer-scale synthesis methods and fascinating properties, have attracted numerous interest and triggered revolutions of corresponding device applications. However, facile…

Human expertise in chemistry and biomedicine relies on contextual molecular understanding, a capability that large language models (LLMs) can extend through fine-grained alignment between molecular structures and text. Recent multimodal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Sumin Ha , Jun Hyeong Kim , Yinhua Piao , Sun Kim

Molecular representation learning (MRL) is a key step to build the connection between machine learning and chemical science. In particular, it encodes molecules as numerical vectors preserving the molecular structures and features, on top…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-11-30 Zhichun Guo , Kehan Guo , Bozhao Nan , Yijun Tian , Roshni G. Iyer , Yihong Ma , Olaf Wiest , Xiangliang Zhang , Wei Wang , Chuxu Zhang , Nitesh V. Chawla

Molecular representation is a critical element in our understanding of the physical world and the foundation for modern molecular machine learning. Previous molecular machine learning models have employed strings, fingerprints, global…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Daniil A. Boiko , Thiago Reschützegger , Benjamin Sanchez-Lengeling , Samuel M. Blau , Gabe Gomes

Referring image segmentation (RIS) is a fundamental vision-language task that intends to segment a desired object from an image based on a given natural language expression. Due to the essentially distinct data properties between image and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Wenxuan Wang , Jing Liu , Xingjian He , Yisi Zhang , Chen Chen , Jiachen Shen , Yan Zhang , Jiangyun Li

Molecular pretraining, which learns molecular representations over massive unlabeled data, has become a prominent paradigm to solve a variety of tasks in computational chemistry and drug discovery. Recently, prosperous progress has been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-03 Yanqiao Zhu , Dingshuo Chen , Yuanqi Du , Yingze Wang , Qiang Liu , Shu Wu

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has emerged as a promising technique for analyzing medical modalities such as X-rays due to its ability to learn without annotations. However, conventional SSL methods face challenges in achieving semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Vandan Gorade , Azad Singh , Deepak Mishra

The rapid evolution of artificial intelligence in drug discovery encounters challenges with generalization and extensive training, yet Large Language Models (LLMs) offer promise in reshaping interactions with complex molecular data. Our…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-12-20 He Cao , Zijing Liu , Xingyu Lu , Yuan Yao , Yu Li

Molecular representation learning is fundamental for many drug related applications. Most existing molecular pre-training models are limited in using single molecular modality, either SMILES or graph representation. To effectively leverage…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Shikun Feng , Lixin Yang , Yanwen Huang , Yuyan Ni , Weiying Ma , Yanyan Lan

Generalized Zero-Shot Learning (GZSL) and Open-Set Recognition (OSR) are two mainstream settings that greatly extend conventional visual object recognition. However, the limitations of their problem settings are not negligible. The novel…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Zhaonan Li , Hongfu Liu

In this paper, we explore the potential of the Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) model in scene text recognition (STR), and establish a novel Symmetrical Linguistic Feature Distillation framework (named CLIP-OCR) to leverage…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Zixiao Wang , Hongtao Xie , Yuxin Wang , Jianjun Xu , Boqiang Zhang , Yongdong Zhang

Facial expression recognition (FER) is a challenging task due to pervasive occlusion and dataset biases. Especially when facial information is partially occluded, existing FER models struggle to extract effective facial features, leading to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Huiyu Zhai , Xingxing Yang , Yalan Ye , Chenyang Li , Bin Fan , Changze Li

Molecular editing aims to modify a given molecule to optimize desired chemical properties while preserving structural similarity. However, current approaches typically rely on string-based or continuous representations, which fail to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yuanxin Zhuang , Dazhong Shen , Ying Sun

In recent years, Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved strong performance in OCR-centric Visual Question Answering (VQA) tasks, illustrating their capability to process heterogeneous data and exhibit adaptability across…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Chen Duan , Zhentao Guo , Pei Fu , Zining Wang , Kai Zhou , Pengfei Yan