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Matter-wave interferometers have fundamental applications for gravity experiments such as testing the equivalence principle and the quantum nature of gravity. In addition, matter-wave interferometers can be used as quantum sensors to…
With the rapid development of quantum technologies in recent years, the need for high sensitivity measuring techniques has become a key issue. In particular, optical sensors based on quantum states of light have proven to be optimal…
We propose to apply Ramsey's method of separated oscillating fields to the spectroscopy of the quantum states in the gravity potential above a vertical mirror. This method allows a precise measurement of quantum mechanical phaseshifts of a…
Phase measurement using a lossless Mach-Zehnder interferometer with certain entangled $N$-photon states can lead to a phase sensitivity of the order of 1/N, the Heisenberg limit. However, previously considered output measurement schemes are…
We experimentally demonstrate optical Mach-Zehnder interferometer utilizing displaced Sagnac configuration to enhance its phase stability. The interferometer with footprint of 27x40 cm offers individually accessible paths and shows phase…
Quantum metrology promises greater sensitivity for optical phase measurements than could ever be achieved classically. Here we present a theory of the phase sensitivity for the general case where the detection probability is given by an $N$…
The employment of path entangled multiphoton states enables measurement of phase with enhanced precision. It is common practice to demonstrate the unique properties of such quantum states by measuring super-resolving oscillations in the…
We calculate quantum and classical Fisher informations for gravity sensors based on matterwave interference, and find that current Mach-Zehnder interferometry is not optimally extracting the full metrological potential of these sensors. We…
A new generation of atomic sensors using ultra-narrow optical clock transitions and composite pulses are pushing quantum engineering control to a very high level of precision for applied and fundamental physics. Here, we propose a new…
The Mach--Zehnder interferometer is a powerful device for detecting small phase shifts between two light beams. Simple input states -- such as coherent states or single photons -- can reach the standard quantum limit of phase estimation…
Recent spectacular results of gravitational waves obtained by the LIGO system, with frequencies in the 100 Hz regime, make corresponding laboratory experiments with full control over cause and effect of great importance. Dynamic…
The emergence of quantum mechanics and general relativity has transformed our understanding of the natural world significantly. However, integrating these two theories presents immense challenges, and their interplay remains untested.…
We report the first direct photon velocity measurements for extragalactic objects. A fiber-optic, photon time-of-flight instrument, optimized for relatively dim sources ($m 12$), is used to measure the velocity of visible photons emanating…
We demonstrate an atom interferometer that uses a laser-cooled continuous beam of $^{87}$Rb atoms having velocities of 10--20 m/s. With spatially separated Raman beams to coherently manipulate the atomic wave packets, Mach--Zehnder…
We demonstrate Mach-Zehnder-type interferometry in a superconducting flux qubit. The qubit is a tunable artificial atom, whose ground and excited states exhibit an avoided crossing. Strongly driving the qubit with harmonic excitation sweeps…
We theoretically investigate the phase sensitivity with parity detection on a Mach-Zehnder interferometer with a coherent state combined with a photon-added squeezed vacuum state. When the phase shift approaches zero, the squeezed vacuum…
We analyze the sensitivities of a geostationary gravitational wave interferometer mission operating in the sub-Hertz band. Because of its smaller armlength, in the lower part of its accessible frequency band ($10^{-4} - 2 \times 10^{-2}$…
We study the sensitivity and resolution of phase measurement in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer with two-mode squeezed vacuum (<n> photons on average). We show that super-resolution and sub-Heisenberg sensitivity is obtained with parity…
The interaction of Na atoms with a surface was probed by inserting a nanofabricated material grating into one arm of an atom interferometer (IFM). This technique permits a direct measurement of the change in phase and coherence of matter…
Laser heterodyne interferometry plays a key role in the proof mass's monitor and control by measuring its multiple degrees of freedom motions in the Space Gravitational Wave Detection. Laboratory development of polarization-multiplexing…