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Recently, GRPO-based reinforcement learning has shown remarkable progress in optimizing flow-matching models, effectively improving their alignment with task-specific rewards. Within these frameworks, the policy update relies on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Jing Wang , Jiajun Liang , Jie Liu , Henglin Liu , Gongye Liu , Jun Zheng , Wanyuan Pang , Ao Ma , Zhenyu Xie , Xintao Wang , Meng Wang , Pengfei Wan , Xiaodan Liang

Large-scale flow matching models have achieved strong performance across generative tasks such as text-to-image, video, 3D, and speech synthesis. However, aligning their outputs with human preferences and task-specific objectives remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Zexiang Liu , Xianglong He , Yangguang Li

Recent advances in flow matching models, particularly with reinforcement learning (RL), have significantly enhanced human preference alignment in few step text to image generators. However, existing RL based approaches for flow matching…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Zhixiong Yue , Zixuan Ni , Feiyang Ye , Jinshan Zhang , Sheng Shen , Zhenpeng Mi

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) offers a promising framework for optimizing large language models in reasoning tasks. However, existing RLVR algorithms focus on different granularities, and each has complementary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Zijun Min , Bingshuai Liu , Ante Wang , Long Zhang , Anxiang Zeng , Haibo Zhang , Jinsong Su

GRPO is a standard approach to endowing pretrained LLMs with reasoning capabilities. It estimates the advantage of an outcome from a group of $K$ outcomes, and promotes those with positive advantages inside a trust region. Since GRPO…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Wenzheng Zhang , Karl Stratos

Group Relative Policy Optimization(GRPO) has become a cornerstone of modern reinforcement learning alignment, prized for its efficacy in foregoing an explicit value-critic by leveraging reward normalization across sampled trajectory…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Redacted by arXiv

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made remarkable progress in enhancing step-by-step reasoning through reinforcement learning. However, the Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) algorithm, which relies on sparse reward rules, often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Xingjian Zhang , Siwei Wen , Wenjun Wu , Lei Huang

Recent advances in generative AI have revolutionized visual content creation, yet aligning model outputs with human preferences remains a critical challenge. While Reinforcement Learning (RL) has emerged as a promising approach for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Zeyue Xue , Jie Wu , Yu Gao , Fangyuan Kong , Lingting Zhu , Mengzhao Chen , Zhiheng Liu , Wei Liu , Qiushan Guo , Weilin Huang , Ping Luo

Reparameterization Policy Gradient (RPG) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for model-based reinforcement learning, enabling high sample efficiency by backpropagating gradients through differentiable dynamics. However, prior RPG approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Hai Zhong , Zhuoran Li , Xun Wang , Longbo Huang

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is one of the promising approaches for introducing robots into complicated environments. The recent remarkable progress of DRL stands on regularization of policy, which allows the policy to improve stably…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Taisuke Kobayashi

Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) has emerged as a powerful framework for preference alignment in text-to-image (T2I) flow models. However, we observe that the standard paradigm where evaluating a group of generated samples against…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Jiazi Bu , Pengyang Ling , Yujie Zhou , Yibin Wang , Yuhang Zang , Tianyi Wei , Xiaohang Zhan , Jiaqi Wang , Tong Wu , Xingang Pan , Dahua Lin

Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) has proven to be an effective tool for post-training language models (LMs). However, AI systems are increasingly expressed as modular programs that mix together multiple LM calls with distinct…

Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) is a powerful technique for aligning generative models, but its effectiveness is bottlenecked by the conflict between large group sizes and prohibitive computational costs. In this work, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Shiran Ge , Chenyi Huang , Yuang Ai , Qihang Fan , Huaibo Huang , Ran He

Balancing policy expressiveness with the exploration-exploitation trade-off is a core challenge in online Reinforcement Learning (RL). While Stochastic Differential Equation (SDE)-based diffusion policies can represent complex, multimodal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Ting Gao , Stavros Orfanoudakis , Nan Lin , Winnie Daamen , Serge Hoogendoorn , Elvin Isufi

Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO), recently introduced by DeepSeek, is a critic-free reinforcement learning algorithm for fine-tuning large language models. GRPO replaces the value function in Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Lei Pang , Jun Luo , Ruinan Jin

Despite their sophisticated general-purpose capabilities, Large Language Models (LLMs) often fail to align with diverse individual preferences because standard post-training methods, like Reinforcement Learning with Human Feedback (RLHF),…

In the field of large language models (LLMs), aligning models with the diverse preferences of users is a critical challenge. Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) has played a key role in this area. It works by using pairs of preferences…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Yueqin Yin , Zhendong Wang , Yi Gu , Hai Huang , Weizhu Chen , Mingyuan Zhou

Recent advancements in flow-matching have enabled high-quality text-to-image generation. However, the deterministic nature of flow-matching models makes them poorly suited for reinforcement learning, a key tool for improving image quality…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Benjamin Yu , Jackie Liu , Justin Cui

Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) has emerged as a popular algorithm for reinforcement learning with large language models (LLMs). However, upon analyzing its clipping mechanism, we argue that it is suboptimal in certain scenarios.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Chi Liu , Xin Chen

Group-Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) is a key technique for training large reasoning models, yet it suffers from a critical vulnerability: the \emph{Think-Answer Mismatch}, where noisy reward signals corrupt the learning process. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Si Shen , Peijun Shen , Wenhua Zhao , Danhao Zhu