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Lead optimization in drug discovery requires efficiently navigating vast chemical space through iterative cycles to enhance molecular properties while preserving structural similarity to the original lead compound. Despite recent advances,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Ziqing Wang , Yibo Wen , William Pattie , Xiao Luo , Weimin Wu , Jerry Yao-Chieh Hu , Abhishek Pandey , Han Liu , Kaize Ding

Dynamic graph representation learning is a task to learn node embeddings over dynamic networks, and has many important applications, including knowledge graphs, citation networks to social networks. Graphs of this type are usually…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-06-04 Xingzhi Guo , Baojian Zhou , Steven Skiena

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have significantly enhanced the ability of LLM-based systems to perform complex tasks through natural language processing and tool interaction. However, optimizing these LLM-based systems…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Peiyan Zhang , Haibo Jin , Leyang Hu , Xinnuo Li , Liying Kang , Man Luo , Yangqiu Song , Haohan Wang

Recent advances in generative models, particularly diffusion and auto-regressive models, have revolutionized fields like computer vision and natural language processing. However, their application to structure-based drug design (SBDD)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Yi He , Ailun Wang , Zhi Wang , Yu Liu , Xingyuan Xu , Wen Yan

Mini-proteins and peptides manifest dynamic conformational fluctuation and involve mutual interconversion among metastable states. A robust mapping of the conformational landscape underlying mini-proteins and peptides often requires…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2021-09-29 Satyabrata Bandyopadhyay , Jagannath Mondal

Modeling peptide cyclization is critical for the virtual screening of candidate peptides with desirable physical and pharmaceutical properties. This task is challenging because a cyclic peptide often exhibits diverse, ring-shaped…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2026-02-13 Yitian Wang , Fanmeng Wang , Angxiao Yue , Wentao Guo , Yaning Cui , Hongteng Xu

Simulating the time evolution of Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) of large-scale systems is crucial in many scientific and engineering domains such as fluid dynamics, weather forecasting and their inverse optimization problems.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Tailin Wu , Takashi Maruyama , Jure Leskovec

Molecular docking is a structure-based computational drug design technique for predicting the interaction between a small molecule (ligand) and a macromolecule (receptor). Over the past three decades various docking software programs have…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-10-18 Katherine Ge , Dayna Olson , Michel F. Sanner

Vision-language pre-training (VLP) has shown impressive performance on a wide range of cross-modal tasks, where VLP models without reliance on object detectors are becoming the mainstream due to their superior computation efficiency and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-23 Yuan Yao , Qianyu Chen , Ao Zhang , Wei Ji , Zhiyuan Liu , Tat-Seng Chua , Maosong Sun

In this white paper, we present AlphaEvolve, an evolutionary coding agent that substantially enhances capabilities of state-of-the-art LLMs on highly challenging tasks such as tackling open scientific problems or optimizing critical pieces…

Peptides, short chains of amino acids, interact with target proteins, making them a unique class of protein-based therapeutics for treating human diseases. Recently, deep generative models have shown great promise in peptide generation.…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-05-21 Jiahan Li , Tong Chen , Shitong Luo , Chaoran Cheng , Jiaqi Guan , Ruihan Guo , Sheng Wang , Ge Liu , Jian Peng , Jianzhu Ma

Large-scale general domain pretraining followed by downstream-specific finetuning has become a predominant paradigm in machine learning. However, discrepancies between the pretraining and target domains can still lead to performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Ruiyi Zhang , Sai Ashish Somayajula , Pengtao Xie

In recent years, the scientific community has become increasingly interested on peptides with non-canonical amino acids due to their superior stability and resistance to proteolytic degradation. These peptides present promising…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-11-09 Ruochi Zhang , Haoran Wu , Yuting Xiu , Kewei Li , Ningning Chen , Yu Wang , Yan Wang , Xin Gao , Fengfeng Zhou

A core challenge in structural biophysics is generating biomolecular conformations that are both physically plausible and consistent with experimental measurements. While sequence-to-structure diffusion models provide powerful priors,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Minhuan Li , Jiequn Han , Pilar Cossio , Luhuan Wu

Transformers have gained increasing popularity in a wide range of applications, including Natural Language Processing (NLP), Computer Vision and Speech Recognition, because of their powerful representational capacity. However, harnessing…

Human mesh recovery from single images remains challenging due to inherent depth ambiguity and limited generalization across domains. While recent methods combine regression and optimization approaches, they struggle with poor…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Shaurjya Mandal , Nutan Sharma , John Galeotti

Peptide self-assembly prediction offers a powerful bottom-up strategy for designing biocompatible, low-toxicity materials for large-scale synthesis in a broad range of biomedical and energy applications. However, screening the vast sequence…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2026-04-23 Nuno Costa , Julija Zavadlav

Lead optimization is a pivotal task in the drug design phase within the drug discovery lifecycle. The primary objective is to refine the lead compound to meet specific molecular properties for progression to the subsequent phase of…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-07-22 Siddartha Reddy N , Sai Prakash MV , Varun V , Vishal Vaddina , Saisubramaniam Gopalakrishnan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful operators for evolutionary search, yet the design of efficient search scaffolds remains ad hoc. While promising, current LLM-in-the-loop systems lack a systematic approach to managing…

In dynamic manufacturing environments, disruptions such as machine breakdowns and new order arrivals continuously shift the optimal dispatching strategy, making adaptive rule selection essential. Existing LLM-powered Automatic Heuristic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Jin Huang , Jie Yang , XinLei Zhou , Qihao Liu , Liang Gao , Xinyu Li