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From rearranging objects on a table to putting groceries into shelves, robots must plan precise action points to perform tasks accurately and reliably. In spite of the recent adoption of vision language models (VLMs) to control robot…

Vision-language models (VLMs) have shown promise in earth observation (EO), yet they struggle with tasks that require grounding complex spatial reasoning in precise pixel-level visual representations. To address this problem, we introduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Yan Shu , Bin Ren , Zhitong Xiong , Xiao Xiang Zhu , Begüm Demir , Nicu Sebe , Paolo Rota

We study whether vision-language models (VLMs) can solve relative camera pose estimation (RCPE) from image pairs, a direct test of multi-view spatial reasoning. We cast RCPE as a discrete verbal classification task and introduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Ken Deng , Yifu Qiu , Yoni Kasten , Shay B. Cohen , Yftah Ziser

The physical world is not merely visual; it is governed by rigorous structural and procedural constraints. Yet, the evaluation of vision-language models (VLMs) remains heavily skewed toward perceptual realism, prioritizing the generation of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Luyu Yang , Yutong Dai , An Yan , Viraj Prabhu , Ran Xu , Zeyuan Chen

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have made significant strides in static image understanding but continue to face critical hurdles in spatiotemporal reasoning. A major bottleneck is "multi-image reasoning hallucination", where a massive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Xiaoda Yang , Shuai Yang , Can Wang , Jingyang Xue , Menglan Tang , Checheng Yu , Xunzhe Zhou , Sashuai Zhou , Tao Jin , Lixin Yang , Xiangyu Yue , Zhou Zhao

Human activity recognition is typically addressed by detecting key concepts like global and local motion, features related to object classes present in the scene, as well as features related to the global context. The next open challenges…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-09-21 Fabien Baradel , Natalia Neverova , Christian Wolf , Julien Mille , Greg Mori

Large Language Models (LLMs) have undergone rapid progress, largely attributed to reinforcement learning on complex reasoning tasks. In contrast, while spatial intelligence is fundamental for Vision-Language Models (VLMs) in real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Zijian Song , Xiaoxin Lin , Qiuming Huang , Sihan Qin , Guangrun Wang , Liang Lin

In recent years, vision-language models (VLMs) have shown remarkable performance on visual reasoning tasks (e.g. attributes, location). While such tasks measure the requisite knowledge to ground and reason over a given visual instance, they…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-16 Shikhar Singh , Ehsan Qasemi , Muhao Chen

Significant research efforts have been made to scale and improve vision-language model (VLM) training approaches. Yet, with an ever-growing number of benchmarks, researchers are tasked with the heavy burden of implementing each protocol,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Haider Al-Tahan , Quentin Garrido , Randall Balestriero , Diane Bouchacourt , Caner Hazirbas , Mark Ibrahim

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have recently witnessed significant progress in visual comprehension. As the permitting length of image context grows, VLMs can now comprehend a broader range of views and spaces. Current benchmarks provide…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Yiqi Zhu , Ziyue Wang , Can Zhang , Peng Li , Yang Liu

Vision-language models (VLMs) have made significant progress in recent visual-question-answering (VQA) benchmarks that evaluate complex visio-linguistic reasoning. However, are these models truly effective? In this work, we show that VLMs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Baiqi Li , Zhiqiu Lin , Wenxuan Peng , Jean de Dieu Nyandwi , Daniel Jiang , Zixian Ma , Simran Khanuja , Ranjay Krishna , Graham Neubig , Deva Ramanan

Spatial reasoning is a fundamental aspect of human cognition, enabling intuitive understanding and manipulation of objects in three-dimensional space. While foundation models demonstrate remarkable performance on some benchmarks, they still…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Fan-Yun Sun , Weiyu Liu , Siyi Gu , Dylan Lim , Goutam Bhat , Federico Tombari , Manling Li , Nick Haber , Jiajun Wu

Vision-language Models (VLMs) have emerged as general-purpose tools for addressing a variety of complex computer vision problems. Such models have been shown to be highly capable, but, at the same time, lacking some basic visual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Shivam Chandhok , Wan-Cyuan Fan , Vered Shwartz , Vineeth N Balasubramanian , Leonid Sigal

Spatial reasoning ability is crucial for Vision Language Models (VLMs) to support real-world applications in diverse domains including robotics, augmented reality, and autonomous navigation. Unfortunately, existing benchmarks are inadequate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Xinmiao Huang , Qisong He , Zhenglin Huang , Boxuan Wang , Zhuoyun Li , Guangliang Cheng , Yi Dong , Xiaowei Huang

Large language models (LLMs) and multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have significantly advanced artificial intelligence. However, visual reasoning, reasoning involving both visual and textual inputs, remains underexplored. Recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-18 I-Sheng Fang , Jun-Cheng Chen

Multi-Modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in various VQA tasks. However, they often lack interpretability and struggle with complex visual inputs, especially when the resolution of the input image is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Hao Shao , Shengju Qian , Han Xiao , Guanglu Song , Zhuofan Zong , Letian Wang , Yu Liu , Hongsheng Li

Understanding the environment and a robot's physical reachability is crucial for task execution. While state-of-the-art vision-language models (VLMs) excel in environmental perception, they often generate inaccurate or impractical responses…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Weijie Zhou , Manli Tao , Chaoyang Zhao , Haiyun Guo , Honghui Dong , Ming Tang , Jinqiao Wang

Spatial reasoning is a key aspect of cognitive psychology and remains a bottleneck for current vision-language models (VLMs). While extensive research has aimed to evaluate or improve VLMs' understanding of basic spatial relations, such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Mengdi Jia , Zekun Qi , Shaochen Zhang , Wenyao Zhang , Xinqiang Yu , Jiawei He , He Wang , Li Yi

Vision-language models (VLMs) are increasingly proposed as general-purpose tools for scientific data interpretation, yet their reliability on real astronomical observations across diverse modalities remains untested. We present…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Wenke Ren , Hengxiao Guo , Wenwen Zuo , Xiaoman Zhang

Although Vision Language Models (VLMs) exhibit strong perceptual abilities and impressive visual reasoning, they struggle with attention to detail and precise action planning in complex, dynamic environments, leading to subpar performance.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Xinrun Xu , Pi Bu , Ye Wang , Börje F. Karlsson , Ziming Wang , Tengtao Song , Qi Zhu , Jun Song , Zhiming Ding , Bo Zheng