English
Related papers

Related papers: Monte Carlo Expected Threat (MOCET) Scoring

200 papers

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have enabled transformative advancements across diverse applications but remain susceptible to safety threats, especially jailbreak attacks that induce harmful outputs. To systematically evaluate and…

As Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) become an indispensable assistant in human life, the unsafe content generated by MLLMs poses a danger to human behavior, perpetually overhanging human society like a sword of Damocles. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Xinyue Lou , Jinan Xu , Jingyi Yin , Xiaolong Wang , Zhaolu Kang , Youwei Liao , Yixuan Wang , Xiangyu Shi , Fengran Mo , Su Yao , Kaiyu Huang

Evaluating the safety of LLM-based agents is increasingly important because risks in realistic deployments often emerge over multi-step interactions rather than isolated prompts or final responses. Existing trajectory-level benchmarks…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Yu Li , Haoyu Luo , Yuejin Xie , Yuqian Fu , Zhonghao Yang , Shuai Shao , Qihan Ren , Wanying Qu , Yanwei Fu , Yujiu Yang , Jing Shao , Xia Hu , Dongrui Liu

Estimating risk measures such as large loss probabilities and Value-at-Risk is fundamental in financial risk management and often relies on computationally intensive nested Monte Carlo methods. While Multi-Level Monte Carlo (MLMC)…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-10-23 Alexandre Boumezoued , Adel Cherchali , Vincent Lemaire , Gilles Pagès , Mathieu Truc

Analyzing Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) from large volumes of data is critical for drafting and publishing comprehensive CTI reports. This process usually follows a three-stage workflow -- triage, deep search and TI drafting. While Large…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Xiangsen Chen , Xuan Feng , Shuo Chen , Matthieu Maitre , Sudipto Rakshit , Diana Duvieilh , Ashley Picone , Nan Tang

Today's cyber defenders are overwhelmed by a deluge of security alerts, threat intelligence signals, and shifting business context, creating an urgent need for AI systems to enhance operational security work. While Large Language Models…

Machine Learning (ML) seems to be one of the most promising solution to automate partially or completely some of the complex tasks currently realized by humans, such as driving vehicles, recognizing voice, etc. It is also an opportunity to…

LLM-based agents are becoming increasingly capable, yet their safety lags behind. This creates a gap between what agents can do and should do. This gap widens as agents engage in multi-turn interactions and employ diverse tools, introducing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Xu Li , Simon Yu , Minzhou Pan , Yiyou Sun , Bo Li , Dawn Song , Xue Lin , Weiyan Shi

AI coding assistants powered by large language models (LLMs) have transformed software development, significantly boosting productivity. While existing benchmarks evaluate the correctness and security of LLM-generated code, they are…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Ruchit Rawal , Jeffrey Yang Fan Chiang , Chihao Shen , Jeffery Siyuan Tian , Aastha Mahajan , Tom Goldstein , Yizheng Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit substantial promise in enhancing task-planning capabilities within embodied agents due to their advanced reasoning and comprehension. However, the systemic safety of these agents remains an underexplored…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Yuting Huang , Leilei Ding , Zhipeng Tang , Tianfu Wang , Xinrui Lin , Wuyang Zhang , Mingxiao Ma , Yanyong Zhang

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has revolutionized various applications by providing advanced natural language processing capabilities. However, this innovation introduces new cybersecurity challenges. This paper explores the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Stephen Burabari Tete

World models - learned internal simulators of environment dynamics - are rapidly becoming foundational to autonomous decision-making in robotics, autonomous vehicles, and agentic AI. By predicting future states in compressed latent spaces,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Manoj Parmar

Different from a unimodal model whose input is from a single modality, the input (called multi-modal input) of a multi-modal model is from multiple modalities such as image, 3D points, audio, text, etc. Similar to unimodal models, many…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Yanting Wang , Hongye Fu , Wei Zou , Jinyuan Jia

With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence, Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in Natural Language Processing (NLP), including content generation, human-computer interaction, machine translation, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Songyang Liu , Chaozhuo Li , Jiameng Qiu , Xi Zhang , Feiran Huang , Litian Zhang , Yiming Hei , Philip S. Yu

The prediction quality of machine learnt models and the functionality they ultimately enable (e.g., object detection), is typically evaluated using a variety of quantitative metrics that are specified in the associated model performance…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Ganesh Pai

Accelerated life-testing (ALT) is a very useful technique for examining the reliability of highly reliable products. It allows testing the products at higher than usual stress conditions to induce failures more quickly and economically than…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-05-15 Aida Calviño

Large language model-based agents are rapidly evolving from simple conversational assistants into autonomous systems capable of performing complex, professional-level tasks in various domains. While these advancements promise significant…

Although general-purpose AI systems offer transformational opportunities in science and industry, they simultaneously raise critical concerns about safety, misuse, and potential loss of control. Despite these risks, methods for assessing…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Malcolm Murray , Steve Barrett , Henry Papadatos , Otter Quarks , Matt Smith , Alejandro Tlaie Boria , Chloé Touzet , Siméon Campos

Traditional AI safety evaluations on isolated LLMs are insufficient as multi-agent AI ensembles become prevalent, introducing novel emergent risks. This paper introduces the Multi-Agent Emergent Behavior Evaluation (MAEBE) framework to…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Sinem Erisken , Timothy Gothard , Martin Leitgab , Ram Potham

The emergence of autonomous Large Language Model (LLM) agents capable of tool usage has introduced new safety risks that go beyond traditional conversational misuse. These agents, empowered to execute external functions, are vulnerable to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Zeyang Sha , Hanling Tian , Zhuoer Xu , Shiwen Cui , Changhua Meng , Weiqiang Wang