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Many physical implementations of qubits---including ion traps, optical lattices and linear optics---suffer from loss. A nonzero probability of irretrievably losing a qubit can be a substantial obstacle to fault-tolerant methods of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-10-06 Joel J. Wallman , Marie Barnhill , Joseph Emerson

We prove a new version of the quantum accuracy threshold theorem that applies to non-Markovian noise with algebraically decaying spatial correlations. We consider noise in a quantum computer arising from a perturbation that acts…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Dorit Aharonov , Alexei Kitaev , John Preskill

Simulating real-time dynamics under a Hamiltonian is a central goal of quantum information science. While numerous Hamiltonian-simulation quantum algorithms have been proposed, the effects of physical noise have rarely been incorporated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-13 Keisuke Murota , Synge Todo , Suguru Endo

One of the most promising applications of noisy intermediate-scale quantum computers is the simulation of molecular Hamiltonians using the variational quantum eigensolver. We show that encoding symmetries of the simulated Hamiltonian in the…

Reducing the impact of errors and decoherence in near-term quantum computers, such as noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices, is critical for their practical implementation. These factors significantly limit the applicability of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-03 Doyeol Ahn , Byeongyong Park

Modular architectures are a promising approach to scaling quantum computers to fault tolerance. Small, low-noise quantum processors connected through relatively noisy quantum links are capable of fault-tolerant operation as long as the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-16 Trond Hjerpekjøn Haug , Timo Hillmann , Anton Frisk Kockum , Raphaël Van Laer

Noise dominates every aspect of near-term quantum computers, rendering it exceedingly difficult to carry out even small computations. In this paper we are concerned with the modelling of noise in Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-20 Konstantinos Georgopoulos , Clive Emary , Paolo Zuliani

Quantum neural networks generalize classical artificial neural networks into the quantum domain. They are formulated as parameterized quantum circuits which are optimized by measuring and minimizing a suitably chosen loss function. The core…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-29 Mario Boneberg , Simon Kochsiek , Igor Lesanovsky

Quantum computation promises to advance a wide range of computational tasks. However, current quantum hardware suffers from noise and is too small for error correction. Thus, accurately utilizing noisy quantum computers strongly relies on…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-16 Friedrich Wagner , Daniel J. Egger , Frauke Liers

In this work, we consider biased-noise qubits affected only by bit-flip errors, which is motivated by existing systems of stabilized cat qubits. This property allows us to design a class of noisy Hadamard-tests involving entangling and…

Quantum simulation is a potentially powerful application of quantum computing, holding the promise to be able to emulate interesting quantum systems beyond the reach of classical computing methods. Despite such promising applications, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-07 Kaelyn J. Ferris , A. J. Rasmusson , Nicholas T. Bronn , Olivia Lanes

In Refs. [Phys. Rev. A 96, 062303 (2017)] and [Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron. 61, 70311 (2018)], the authors reported an algorithm to simulate, in a circuit-based quantum computer, a general quantum channel (QC). However, the application of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-03 Marcelo S. Zanetti , Douglas F. Pinto , Marcos L. W. Basso , Jonas Maziero

We describe a resource-efficient approach to studying many-body quantum states on noisy, intermediate-scale quantum devices. We employ a sequential generation model that allows us to bound the range of correlations in the resulting…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-05 Johannes Borregaard , Matthias Christandl , Daniel Stilck França

The implementation and practicality of quantum algorithms highly hinge on the quality of operations within a quantum processor. Therefore, including realistic error models in quantum computing simulation platforms is crucial for testing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-12 Ahmed Abid Moueddene , Nader Khammassi , Koen Bertels , Carmen G. Almudever

Given a quantum Markovian noise model, we study the maximum dimension of a classical or quantum system that can be stored for arbitrarily large time. We show that, unlike the fixed time setting, in the limit of infinite time, the classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-27 Omar Fawzi , Mizanur Rahaman , Mostafa Taheri

Estimating the features of noise is the first step in a chain of protocols that will someday lead to fault tolerant quantum computers. The randomized benchmarking (RB) protocol is designed with this exact mindset, estimating the average…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-15 Pedro Figueroa-Romero , Kavan Modi , Thomas M. Stace , Min-Hsiu Hsieh

We analyse the problem of estimating a scalar parameter $g$ that controls the Hamiltonian of a quantum system subject to Markovian noise. Specifically, we place bounds on the growth rate of the quantum Fisher information with respect to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-11 Kianna Wan , Robert Lasenby

We provide a polynomial-time classical algorithm for noisy quantum circuits. The algorithm computes the expectation value of any observable for any circuit, with a small average error over input states drawn from an ensemble (e.g. the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-15 Thomas Schuster , Chao Yin , Xun Gao , Norman Y. Yao

The quantum kernel method, a promising quantum machine learning algorithm, possesses substantial potential for demonstrating quantum advantage. Although the majority of the quantum kernel is constructed in the context of gate-based quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-15 Hsiang-Wei Huang , Shen-Liang Yang , Chuan-Chi Huang , Yueh-Nan Chen , Hong-Bin Chen

Benchmarking quantum computers often deals with the parameters of single qubits or gates and sometimes deals with algorithms run on an entire chip or a noisy simulator of a chip. Here we propose the idea of using protocols to benchmark…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-27 Dekel Meirom , Tal Mor , Yossi Weinstein