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interpretable, and well understood models that are routinely employed even though, as is revealed through prior and posterior predictive checks, these can poorly characterise the spatial heterogeneity in the underlying process of interest.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-04-08 Andrew Zammit-Mangion , Michael D. Kaminski , Ba-Hien Tran , Maurizio Filippone , Noel Cressie

Speech enhancement plays an essential role in various applications, and the integration of visual information has been demonstrated to bring substantial advantages. However, the majority of current research concentrates on the examination…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Xinyuan Qian , Jiaran Gao , Yaodan Zhang , Qiquan Zhang , Hexin Liu , Leibny Paola Garcia , Haizhou Li

3D Gaussian Splatting-based indoor open-world free-view synthesis approaches have shown significant performance with dense input images. However, they exhibit poor performance when confronted with sparse inputs, primarily due to the sparse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Guibiao Liao , Qing Li , Zhenyu Bao , Guoping Qiu , Kanglin Liu

This paper focuses on webly supervised learning (WSL), where datasets are built by crawling samples from the Internet and directly using search queries as web labels. Although WSL benefits from fast and low-cost data collection, noises in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-28 Jingkang Yang , Litong Feng , Weirong Chen , Xiaopeng Yan , Huabin Zheng , Ping Luo , Wayne Zhang

Spatial intelligence is crucial for vision--language models (VLMs) in the physical world, yet many benchmarks evaluate largely unconstrained scenes where models can exploit 2D shortcuts. We introduce SSI-Bench, a VQA benchmark for spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Chen Yang , Guanxin Lin , Youquan He , Peiyao Chen , Guanghe Liu , Yufan Mo , Zhouyuan Xu , Linhao Wang , Guohui Zhang , Zihang Zhang , Shenxiang Zeng , Chen Wang , Jiansheng Fan

Hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs), i.e., the tendency to generate plausible but non-factual content, pose a significant challenge for their reliable deployment in high-stakes environments. However, existing hallucination…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Yitong Qiao , Licheng Pan , Yu Mi , Lei Liu , Yue Shen , Fei Sun , Zhixuan Chu

Implicit neural representation (INR) has become the standard approach for arbitrary-scale image super-resolution (ASSR). To date, no empirical study has systematically examined the effectiveness of existing methods, nor investigated the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Tayyab Nasir , Daochang Liu , Ajmal Mian

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have recently emerged as powerful tools, excelling in tasks that integrate visual and textual comprehension, such as image captioning, visual question answering, and image-text retrieval. However, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Ilias Stogiannidis , Steven McDonagh , Sotirios A. Tsaftaris

Supervised learning in large discriminative models is a mainstay for modern computer vision. Such an approach necessitates investing in large-scale human-annotated datasets for achieving state-of-the-art results. In turn, the efficacy of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Liang-Chieh Chen , Raphael Gontijo Lopes , Bowen Cheng , Maxwell D. Collins , Ekin D. Cubuk , Barret Zoph , Hartwig Adam , Jonathon Shlens

This study introduces a novel approach to enhance the spatial-temporal resolution of time-event pixels based on luminance changes captured by event cameras. These cameras present unique challenges due to their low resolution and the sparse,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-14 Waseem Shariff , Joe Lemley , Peter Corcoran

Sparse labels have been attracting much attention in recent years. However, the performance gap between weakly supervised and fully supervised salient object detection methods is huge, and most previous weakly supervised works adopt complex…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-10 Siyue Yu , Bingfeng Zhang , Jimin Xiao , Eng Gee Lim

We propose VISION-SLS, a method for nonlinear output-feedback control from high-resolution RGB images which provides robust constraint satisfaction guarantees under calibrated uncertainty bounds despite partial observability, sensor noise,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Antoine P. Leeman , Shuyu Zhan , Melanie N. Zeilinger , Glen Chou

Spatial understanding is fundamental for embodied agents, yet most spatial VLMs and benchmarks remain offline-evaluating post-hoc QA over pre-recorded inputs and overlooking two crucial deployment-critical requirements: long-horizon…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Yuxi Wei , Wei Huang , Qirui Chen , Lu Hou , Xiaojuan Qi

We propose a method for variable selection in the intensity function of spatial point processes that combines sparsity-promoting estimation with noise-robust model selection. As high-resolution spatial data becomes increasingly available…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-30 Dominik Sturm , Ivo F. Sbalzarini

This study introduces a novel formulation to enhance Support Vector Machines (SVMs) in handling class imbalance and noise. Unlike the conventional Soft Margin SVM, which penalizes the magnitude of constraint violations, the proposed model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Seyed Mojtaba Mohasel , Hamidreza Koosha

Audiovisual speech recognition (AVSR) combines acoustic and visual cues to improve transcription robustness under challenging conditions but remains out of reach for most under-resourced languages due to the lack of labeled video corpora…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-10 Pol Buitrago , Pol Gàlvez , Oriol Pareras , Javier Hernando

Shortcut learning undermines model generalization to out-of-distribution data. While the literature attributes shortcuts to biases in superficial features, we show that imbalances in the semantic distribution of sample embeddings induce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Shuo Yang , Bardh Prenkaj , Gjergji Kasneci

State-of-the-art saliency prediction methods develop upon model architectures or loss functions; while training to generate one target saliency map. However, publicly available saliency prediction datasets can be utilized to create more…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Sandeep Mishra , Oindrila Saha

Spatial smoothing is a widely used preprocessing scheme to improve the performance of high-resolution parameter estimation algorithms in case of coherent signals or if only a small number of snapshots is available. In this paper, we present…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-04-05 Jens Steinwandt , Florian Roemer , Martin Haardt , Giovanni Del Galdo

Causal inference in spatial domains faces two intertwined challenges: (1) unmeasured spatial factors, such as weather, air pollution, or mobility, that confound treatment and outcome, and (2) interference from nearby treatments that violate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Ayush Khot , Miruna Oprescu , Maresa Schröder , Ai Kagawa , Xihaier Luo