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For real-world BCI applications, lightweight Electroencephalography (EEG) systems offer the best cost-deployment balance. However, such spatial sparsity of EEG limits spatial fidelity, hurting learning and introducing bias. EEG spatial…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Hongjun Liu , Leyu Zhou , Zijianghao Yang , Chao Yao

Advances in endoscopy use in surgeries face challenges like inadequate lighting. Deep learning, notably the Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Model (DDPM), holds promise for low-light image enhancement in the medical field. However, DDPMs…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-20 Tong Chen , Qingcheng Lyu , Long Bai , Erjian Guo , Huxin Gao , Xiaoxiao Yang , Hongliang Ren , Luping Zhou

Effectively learning the temporal dynamics in electroencephalogram (EEG) signals is challenging yet essential for decoding brain activities using brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). Although Transformers are popular for their long-term…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-30 Yi Ding , Yong Li , Hao Sun , Rui Liu , Chengxuan Tong , Chenyu Liu , Xinliang Zhou , Cuntai Guan

Modern wearable devices are embedded with a range of noninvasive biomarker sensors that hold promise for improving detection and treatment of disease. One such sensor is the single-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) which measures electrical…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-12-02 Jeffrey Chan , Andrew C. Miller , Emily B. Fox

Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) reduces radiation exposure but suffers from image artifacts and loss of detail due to quantum and electronic noise, potentially impacting diagnostic accuracy. Transformer combined with diffusion models…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-01 Qiqing Liu , Guoquan Wei , Zekun Zhou , Yiyang Wen , Liu Shi , Qiegen Liu

Electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis plays a crucial role in diagnosing cardiovascular diseases, but accurate interpretation of these complex signals remains challenging. This paper introduces a novel multimodal framework(GAF-FusionNet) for ECG…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Jiahao Qin , Feng Liu

Time-of-Flight (ToF) sensors efficiently capture scene depth, but the nonlinear depth construction procedure often results in extremely large noise variance or even invalid areas. Recent methods based on deep neural networks (DNNs) achieve…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Changyong He , Jin Zeng , Jiawei Zhang , Jiajie Guo

Wearable electrocardiogram (ECG) measurement using dry electrodes has a problem with high-intensity noise distortion. Hence, a robust noise reduction method is required. However, overlapping frequency bands of ECG and noise make noise…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-14 Takamasa Terada , Masahiro Toyoura

Electroencephalogram (EEG)-based emotion recognition holds significant value in affective computing and brain-computer interfaces. However, in practical applications, EEG recordings are susceptible to the effects of various physiological…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Wenjia Dong , Xueyuan Xu , Tianze Yu , Junming Zhang , Li Zhuo

Aside from offering state-of-the-art performance in medical image generation, denoising diffusion probabilistic models (DPM) can also serve as a representation learner to capture semantic information and potentially be used as an image…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-09 Chun-Mei Feng

The transformer based model (e.g., FusingTF) has been employed recently for Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal classification. However, the high-dimensional embedding obtained via 1-D convolution and positional encoding can lead to the loss of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-01 Jian Guan , Wenbo Wang , Pengming Feng , Xinxin Wang , Wenwu Wang

How to effectively and efficiently extract valid and reliable features from high-dimensional electroencephalography (EEG), particularly how to fuse the spatial and temporal dynamic brain information into a better feature representation, is…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-10-04 Zhen Liang , Rushuang Zhou , Li Zhang , Linling Li , Gan Huang , Zhiguo Zhang , Shin Ishii

Electrocardiogram (ECG) is an authoritative source to diagnose and counter critical cardiovascular syndromes such as arrhythmia and myocardial infarction (MI). Current machine learning techniques either depend on manually extracted features…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-22 Zeeshan Ahmad , Anika Tabassum , Ling Guan , Naimul Khan

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is an essential and effective tool for diagnosing heart diseases. However, its effectiveness can be compromised by noise or unavailability of one or more leads of the standard 12-lead recordings, resulting in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Huynh Dang Nguyen , Trong-Thang Pham , Ngan Le , Van Nguyen

Electrocardiogram (ECG) artifact contamination often occurs in surface electromyography (sEMG) applications when the measured muscles are in proximity to the heart. Previous studies have developed and proposed various methods, such as…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-25 Kuan-Chen Wang , Kai-Chun Liu , Sheng-Yu Peng , Yu Tsao

Surface electromyography (sEMG) recordings can be influenced by electrocardiogram (ECG) signals when the muscle being monitored is close to the heart. Several existing methods use signal-processing-based approaches, such as high-pass filter…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-02 Yu-Tung Liu , Kuan-Chen Wang , Kai-Chun Liu , Sheng-Yu Peng , Yu Tsao

Synthetic electrocardiogram generation serves medical AI applications requiring privacy-preserving data sharing and training dataset augmentation. Current diffusion-based methods achieve high generation quality but require hundreds of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-16 Vitalii Bondar , Serhii Semenov , Vira Babenko , Dmytro Holovniak

Neural decoding from electroencephalography (EEG) remains fundamentally limited by poor generalization to unseen subjects, driven by high inter-subject variability and the lack of large-scale datasets to model it effectively. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Mengchun Zhang , Kateryna Shapovalenko , Yucheng Shao , Eddie Guo , Parusha Pradhan

Ultrasound (US) imaging is a critical tool in medical diagnostics, offering real-time visualization of physiological processes. One of its major advantages is its ability to capture temporal dynamics, which is essential for assessing motion…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-03 Yves Stebler , Thomas M. Sutter , Ece Ozkan , Julia E. Vogt

Artifact removal is critical for accurate analysis and interpretation of Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. Traditional methods perform poorly with strong artifact-EEG correlations or single-channel data. Recent advances in diffusion-based…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-19 Feixue Shao , Xueyu Liu , Yongfei Wu , Jianbo Lu , Guiying Yan , Weihua Yang