English
Related papers

Related papers: Utilizing Large Language Models for Zero-Shot Medi…

200 papers

Although supervised machine learning is popular for information extraction from clinical notes, creating large annotated datasets requires extensive domain expertise and is time-consuming. Meanwhile, large language models (LLMs) have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-26 Madhumita Sushil , Travis Zack , Divneet Mandair , Zhiwei Zheng , Ahmed Wali , Yan-Ning Yu , Yuwei Quan , Atul J. Butte

The deployment of large language models (LLMs) within the healthcare sector has sparked both enthusiasm and apprehension. These models exhibit the remarkable capability to provide proficient responses to free-text queries, demonstrating a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Zabir Al Nazi , Wei Peng

We explore the use of large language models (LLMs) for zero-shot semantic parsing. Semantic parsing involves mapping natural language utterances to task-specific meaning representations. Language models are generally trained on the publicly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-22 Dheeraj Mekala , Jason Wolfe , Subhro Roy

Current-generation Large Language Models (LLMs) have stirred enormous interest in recent months, yielding great potential for accessibility and automation, while simultaneously posing significant challenges and risk of misuse. To facilitate…

Ontologies have supported knowledge representation and white-box reasoning for decades; thus, the automated ontology generation (AOG) plays a crucial role in scaling their use. Software engineering standards (SES) consist of long,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Songhui Yue

Ontology Matching (OM), is a critical task in knowledge integration, where aligning heterogeneous ontologies facilitates data interoperability and knowledge sharing. Traditional OM systems often rely on expert knowledge or predictive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Hamed Babaei Giglou , Jennifer D'Souza , Felix Engel , Sören Auer

Large language models (LLMs) hold great promise for medical applications and are evolving rapidly, with new models being released at an accelerated pace. However, benchmarking on large-scale real-world data such as electronic health records…

In the past decade a surge in the amount of electronic health record (EHR) data in the United States, attributed to a favorable policy environment created by the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Ivan Makohon , Mohamad Najafi , Jian Wu , Mathias Brochhausen , Yaohang Li

Clinical oncology generates vast, unstructured data that often contain inconsistencies, missing information, and ambiguities, making it difficult to extract reliable insights for data-driven decision-making. General-purpose large language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Morteza Rohanian , Tarun Mehra , Nicola Miglino , Farhad Nooralahzadeh , Michael Krauthammer , Andreas Wicki

Multimodal (MM) learning is emerging as a promising paradigm in biomedical artificial intelligence (AI) applications, integrating complementary modality, which highlight different aspects of patient health. The scarcity of large…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Niccolo Marini , Zhaohui Liang , Sivaramakrishnan Rajaraman , Zhiyun Xue , Sameer Antani

Objectieve:This review aims to deliver a comprehensive analysis of Large Language Models (LLMs) utilization in mental health care, evaluating their effectiveness, identifying challenges, and exploring their potential for future application.…

We investigate the task of inserting new concepts extracted from texts into an ontology using language models. We explore an approach with three steps: edge search which is to find a set of candidate locations to insert (i.e., subsumptions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Hang Dong , Jiaoyan Chen , Yuan He , Yongsheng Gao , Ian Horrocks

Writing clinical notes and documenting medical exams is a critical task for healthcare professionals, serving as a vital component of patient care documentation. However, manually writing these notes is time-consuming and can impact the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Yizhan Li , Sifan Wu , Christopher Smith , Thomas Lo , Bang Liu

In this study, we investigated the ability of the large language model (LLM) to enhance healthcare data interoperability. We leveraged the LLM to convert clinical texts into their corresponding FHIR resources. Our experiments, conducted on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Yikuan Li , Hanyin Wang , Halid Yerebakan , Yoshihisa Shinagawa , Yuan Luo

The healthcare industry is currently experiencing an unprecedented wave of cybersecurity attacks, impacting millions of individuals. With the discovery of thousands of vulnerabilities each month, there is a pressing need to drive the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Rikhiya Ghosh , Oladimeji Farri , Hans-Martin von Stockhausen , Martin Schmitt , George Marica Vasile

OpenNotes enables patients to access EHR notes, but medical jargon can hinder comprehension. To improve understanding, we evaluated closed- and open-source LLMs for extracting and prioritizing key medical terms using prompting, fine-tuning,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Won Seok Jang , Sharmin Sultana , Zonghai Yao , Hieu Tran , Zhichao Yang , Sunjae Kwon , Hong Yu

Crucial information about the practice of healthcare is recorded only in free-form text, which creates an enormous opportunity for high-impact NLP. However, annotated healthcare datasets tend to be small and expensive to obtain, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Yifeng Tao , Bruno Godefroy , Guillaume Genthial , Christopher Potts

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly being explored for clinical question answering and decision support, yet safe deployment critically requires reliable handling of patient measurements in heterogeneous clinical notes. Existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Minh-Vuong Nguyen , Fatemeh Shiri , Zhuang Li , Karin Verspoor

Ontology matching (OM) plays an essential role in enabling semantic interoperability and integration across heterogeneous knowledge sources, particularly in the biomedical domain which contains numerous complex concepts related to diseases…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Yiping Song , Jiaoyan Chen , Renate A. Schmidt

This study presents an innovative approach to the application of large language models (LLMs) in clinical decision-making, focusing on OpenAI's ChatGPT. Our approach introduces the use of contextual prompts-strategically designed to include…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Fatemeh Nazary , Yashar Deldjoo , Tommaso Di Noia